Gadus chalcogrammus, Alaska pollock : fisheries, gamefish

Gadus chalcogrammus Pallas, 1814

Alaska pollock
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Native range | All suitable habitat | Point map | Year 2050
This map was computer-generated and has not yet been reviewed.
Gadus chalcogrammus   AquaMaps   Data sources: GBIF OBIS
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Image of Gadus chalcogrammus (Alaska pollock)
Gadus chalcogrammus
foto/gambar oleh Archipelago Marine Research Ltd.

klasifikasi / Nama Nama-nama umum | Sinonim (persamaan) | Catalog of Fishes(Marga, Jenis) | ITIS | CoL | WoRMS | Cloffa

> Gadiformes (Cods) > Gadidae (Cods and haddocks)
Etymology: Gadus: Latin, gadus = a fish, cod? (Ref. 45335); chalcogrammus: Name from the Greek 'chalcos' meaning brass and 'gramma' meaning mark (Ref. 6885).
More on author: Pallas.

Taxonomic Remarks
This species is placed in the genus Gadus in Eschmeyer (CofF ver. Jan. 2012: Ref. 89336). More studies are needed for a complete revision of all genera of Gadidae. In the past decade, a number of molecular works have shown that T. chalcogramma coud be deeply nested in a clade that contains the Gadus spp. It has been suggested that the species should be now assigned to Gadus, although none of these works had a conclusive statement with a complete taxonomic re-assessment. However, the name Gadus chalcogrammus may be used in scientific publications. If the American Fisheries Society has endorsed that change in the latest edition of its list of fish names, FAO will not change it until a more stable consensus is reached. Since this species is highly commercial, with a number of regulations and statistical reports using that name, it is preferable to change it with the strongest scientific support. In addition, they are other taxonomic issue in that family, with the same issues about names. Therefore, for the use by the rest of the society, the fishery domain in particular, we recommend to continue using T. chalcogramma and wait that a complete revision of the family and thorough taxonomic and nomenclatural decisions are published.

Lingkungan: lingkungan / zona iklim / kisaran kedalaman / jangkauan distribusi Ekologi

laut; payau bentopelagis; oceanodromus (Ref. 87829); kisaran kedalaman 0 - 1280 m (Ref. 120982), usually 30 - 590 m (Ref. 120982). Polar; 82°N - 33°N, 9°E - 117°W

Penyebaran Wilayah | Daerah-daerah FAO | Ekosistem | Kemunculan | peta titik | Introduksi | Faunafri

Northeast Atlantic, Arctic and North to Eastern Central Pacific: from Norway to Svalbard, east to Laptev, South Korea and Beaufort Sea, south to California, USA. The occurrence off the northern part of Baja California (Mexico), as reported from Quast and Hall, (1972) (Ref. 6876) is apparently erroneous.

Panjang pada saat jatuh tempo pertama / Ukuran / Berat / umur

Kematangan: Lm 36.9  range ? - ? cm
Max length : 91.0 cm TL jantan/; (Ref. 2850); Berat maksimum terpublikasi: 3.9 kg (Ref. 56335); Umur maksimum dilaporkan: 28 Tahun (Ref. 55701)

deskripsi pendek Kunci identifiaksi (pengenalan) | Morfologi | Morfometrik

Duri punggung (Keseluruhan (total)) : 0; duri punggung lunak (Keseluruhan (total)) : 38 - 48; Duri dubur: 0; Sirip dubur lunak: 33 - 42. The dorsal fins are widely separated. The pelvic fins have a slightly elongated filament. The lateral line is continuous to about the back end of the first dorsal-fin base; it is interrupted at the read of the body. On the head are lateral line pores. Body color is olive green to brown on the back and becomes silvery on the sides and pale ventrally, often with mottled patterns or blotches.
Body shape (shape guide): fusiform / normal; Cross section: circular.

Biologi     Daftar kata (contoh epibenthic)

The adults usually live near to the sea floor, but sometimes they also appear near the surface (Ref. 1371). They perform diurnal vertical migrations (Ref. 1371) and are considered as one of the straddling stocks in the northwest and northeast Pacific (Ref. 87829). They mainly feed on krill (Ref. 39882) but they also eat fishes and crustaceans (Ref. 6885). The adults which are spawning are often solely captured for their roe (may have been the case in the first years of the fishery in the U.S., but hasn't been true for some time. In 1994, the North Pacific Fishery Management Council/NOAA enacted an amendment to the Bering Sea and Gulf of Alaska Fishery Management Plans effectively banning the practice of stripping roe and discarding the carcasses, R. Rogness, pers.comm. April 2022). The meat is used to produce surimi (this is an imitation of shellfish meat) (Ref. 28499). They are traded as fresh fish, boneless flesh, in frozen blocks or as surimi. The fish is cooked in the microwave, steamed or fried in butter (Ref. 9988).

Siklus hidup dan perilaku kawin Kematangan | Reproduksi, perkembang biakan | Pemijahan | telur-telur | Fekunditas | Larva

Oviparous, sexes are separate (Ref. 205). Congregate in dense schools to spawn, usually at 50 to 250 m depth.

rujukan utama Unggah referensi Anda | Acuan | Koordinator | mitra

Cohen, D.M., T. Inada, T. Iwamoto and N. Scialabba, 1990. FAO species catalogue. Vol. 10. Gadiform fishes of the world (Order Gadiformes). An annotated and illustrated catalogue of cods, hakes, grenadiers and other gadiform fishes known to date. FAO Fish. Synop. 125(10). Rome: FAO. 442 p. (Ref. 1371)

Status IUCN Red List (Ref. 130435: Version 2025-2 (Global))


CITES

Not Evaluated

CMS (Ref. 116361)

Not Evaluated

ancaman kepada manusia

  Harmless





penggunaan manusia

Perikanan: bernilai komersial tinggi; Ikan buruan: ya
FAO - Perikanan: profail spesis, landings search; Publication: search | FishSource | Laut di Sekitar Kita

informasi lanjut

Ekologi trofik
Item makanan (mangsa)
Komposisi makanan
Konsumsi makanan
Ransum makanan
Pemangsa
Ekologi
Ekologi
Dinamika populasi
Parameter pertumbuhan
Maks. usia / ukuran
Panjang-berat rel.
Panjang-panjang rel.
ukuran frekuensi
Konversi massa
pemulihan
Kelimpahan
Siklus hidup
Reproduksi, perkembang biakan
Kematangan
Kedewasaan / insang rel.
Fekunditas
Pemijahan
Agregasi pemijahan
telur-telur
pekembangan telor
Larva
Dinamika larva
Penyebaran
Wilayah
Daerah-daerah FAO
Ekosistem
Kemunculan
Introduksi
BRUVS - Video
Anatomi
Area insang
Otak
Otolith
Fisiologi
Komposisi tubuh
Nutrisi
Konsumsi oksigen
Jenis renang
Kecepatan berenang
Pigmen visual
Suara ikan
Penyakit & Parasit
Toksisitas (LC50)
Genetika
genom
Genetika
Heterozigositas
Diturunkan
Keanekaragaman Genetik
Yang berhubungan dengan manusia
Sistem akuakultur
profil budidaya air
Strain
Kasus Ciguatera
Perangko, koin, dll.
Penjangkauan
mitra
Taksonomi
Nama-nama umum
Sinonim (persamaan)
Morfologi
Morfometrik
Gambar
Acuan
Acuan

Alat, peralatan

E-book | Penuntun lapangan | Kunci identifiaksi (pengenalan) | tanda freqkuenci panjang | peringkat sejarah hidup | peta titik | Tangkap-MSY |

laporan khas

semak penyelenggaraan akuarium | semak helaian fakta spesis | semak helaian fakta aqulcalture

muat turun XML

ringkasan halaman | Data titik | Nama-nama umum | fotos/gambar

Sumber internet

AFORO (otoliths) | Aquatic Commons | BHL | Cloffa | Websites from users | semak peneliti ikan | CISTI | Catalog of Fishes: Marga, Jenis | DiscoverLife | ECOTOX | FAO - Perikanan: profail spesis, landings search; Publication: search | Faunafri | Fishipedia | Fishtrace | GloBI | Google Books | Google Scholar | Google | IGFA World Record | Pangkalan data nasional | OceanAdapt | OneZoom | Open Tree of Life | Otolith Atlas of Taiwan Fishes | PubMed | Reef Life Survey | pengenalan RFE | Socotra Atlas | TreeBase | Tree of Life | Wikipedia: pergi, Cari | World Records Freshwater Fishing | Zoobank | Catatan Zoologi

Estimasi berdasarkan model

Indeks keanekaragaman filogenetik
(Acuan 82804) 		PD50 = 0.5625 [Uniqueness, from 0.5 = low to 2.0 = high].
Bayesian length-weight a=0.00631 (0.00550 - 0.00723), b=3.03 (2.99 - 3.07), in cm total length, based on LWR estimates for this species (Ref. 93245).
Tingkat Trofik
(Acuan 69278) 		3.6   ±0.1 se; based on diet studies.
Generation time 6.5 (3.6 - 7.8) years. Estimated as median ln(3)/K based on 25 growth studies.
Daya lenting
(Acuan 120179) 		Rendah, Waktu penggandaan populasi minimum 4.5 - 14 tahun (Musick et al. 2000 (Ref. 36717); tmax = 28).
Rate of population increase Prior r = 0.29, 95% CL = 0.19 - 0.44, Based on 16 full stock assessments.
Kerentanan Penangkapan Ikan
(Ref. 59153) 		High vulnerability (59 of 100). 🛈
Kerentanan Iklim
(Ref. 125649) 		High vulnerability (55 of 100). 🛈
kategori harga
(Ref. 80766) 		Low.
Nutrisi
(Ref. 124155) 		Calcium = 12 [8, 19] mg/100g; Iron = 0.185 [0.122, 0.296] mg/100g; Protein = 16.5 [15.1, 17.9] %; Omega3 = 0.337 [0.159, 0.741] g/100g; Selenium = 14.5 [5.7, 33.5] μg/100g; VitaminA = 11.2 [2.0, 57.3] μg/100g; Zinc = 0.445 [0.340, 0.563] mg/100g (wet weight); based on nutrient studies.