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Gadiformes (Cods) >
Merlucciidae (Merluccid hakes)
Etymology: Merluccius: Latin, mar, maris = the sea + Latin, lucius = pike (Ref. 45335).
Eponymy: Professor Carl Levitt (Leavitt) Hubbs (1894–1979) was a giant of American ichthyology. [...] (Ref. 128868), visit book page.
Meio ambiente: milieu / Zona climática / intervalo de profundidade / faixa de distribuição
Ecologia
marinhas bentopelágico; oceanódromo (Ref. 51243); intervalo de profundidade 50 - 800 m (Ref. 9715), usually 100 - 200 m (Ref. 1371). Temperate; 20°S - 56°S, 69°W - 40°W (Ref. 58452)
Southwest Atlantic: off southern Brazil to Argentina and the Falkland Islands up to 54°S (Ref. 47377).
Comprimento de primeira maturação / Tamanho / Peso / Idade
Maturidade: Lm 30.4  range ? - ? cm
Max length : 95.0 cm TL macho/indeterminado; (Ref. 1371); common length : 50.0 cm TL macho/indeterminado; (Ref. 1371); common length :60 cm TL (female); idade máx. registrada: 6 anos (Ref. 83871)
Espinhos dorsais (total) : 1; Raios dorsais (total) : 43 - 52; Espinhos anais: 0; Raios anais : 36 - 41; Vértebras: 50 - 53. Gill rakers short and thick with blunt tips. Pectoral fins relatively short, not reaching level of anal fin origin. Color is silvery with golden luster on back, silvery white on belly (Ref. 1371).
Body shape (shape guide): elongated; Cross section: oval.
Adults inhabit continental shelf depths mainly between 100 and 200 m (Ref. 1371). Larger individuals feed on fish (anchovies, hake, nototheniids, myctophids and Southern blue whitings), squids and macrozooplankton (euphausiids and amphipods); smaller individuals feed on mysids and amphipods (Ref. 1371). Migrate inshore during spring and summer, and offshore into deep water wintering areas after spawning; also undertake diel vertical migrations (Ref. 1371). Sold fresh and frozen.
An indeterminate batch spawner.
Cohen, D.M., T. Inada, T. Iwamoto and N. Scialabba, 1990. FAO species catalogue. Vol. 10. Gadiform fishes of the world (Order Gadiformes). An annotated and illustrated catalogue of cods, hakes, grenadiers and other gadiform fishes known to date. FAO Fish. Synop. 125(10). Rome: FAO. 442 p. (Ref. 1371)
Status na Lista Vermelha da UICN (Ref. 130435: Version 2025-2 (Global))
Ameaça para os humanos
Harmless
Uso pelos humanos
Pescarias: altamente comercial; peixe esportivo: sim
Ferramentas
Relatórios especiais
Baixar XML
Fontes da internet
Estimativas baseadas em modelos
Índice de diversidade filogenética (Ref. 82804) |
PD50 = 0.5000 [Uniqueness, from 0.5 = low to 2.0 = high]. |
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Bayesian length-weight
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a=0.00501 (0.00418 - 0.00601), b=3.09 (3.04 - 3.14), in cm total length, based on LWR estimates for this species (Ref. 93245). |
Nível Trófico (Ref. 69278) |
4.0 ±0.61 se; based on food items. |
Resiliência (Ref. 120179) |
Baixo, tempo mínimo de duplicação da população 4,5 - 14 anos (K=0.13-0.19; tm=6). |
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Rate of population increase |
Prior r = 0.42, 95% CL = 0.27 - 0.62, Based on 4 data-limited stock assessments. |
Vulnerabilidade da pesca (Ref. 59153) |
High vulnerability (61 of 100). 🛈 |
Vulnerabilidade climática (Ref. 125649) |
Moderate vulnerability (44 of 100). 🛈 |
Categoria de preço (Ref. 80766) |
Medium.
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Nutrientes (Ref. 124155) |
Calcium = 7.82 [4.21, 23.00] mg/100g; Iron = 0.186 [0.070, 0.427] mg/100g; Protein = 17 [16, 18] %; Omega3 = 0.243 [0.148, 0.389] g/100g; Selenium = 31.6 [14.8, 68.8] μg/100g; VitaminA = 21.8 [6.1, 78.8] μg/100g; Zinc = 0.308 [0.217, 0.436] mg/100g (wet weight); based on nutrient studies. |