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> Tetraodontiformes (Puffers and filefishes) > Monacanthidae (Filefishes)
Etymology: Aluterus:Name from Greek meaning not free or detached, referring to the pelvis that does not form a spiny project (as it does in triggerfish) (R. Chandler, pers. Comm. 10/2014). More on author: Linnaeus.
البيئة: الوسط / المنطقة المناخية / نطاق العمق / نطاق التوزيع البيئة
بحري مرتبطة بالشعاب; نطاق العمق 1 - 80 m (Ref. 90102). Subtropical; 43°N - 39°S, 180°W - 180°E
Circumtropical. Western Atlantic: Massachusetts, USA to Argentina (Ref. 36453). Eastern Atlantic: west coast of tropical Africa (Ref. 3592). Eastern Pacific: Guatemala to Chile (Ref. 9068); probably in Mexico (Ref. 9318). Western Indian Ocean: Mozambique and South Africa (Ref. 4421). Recorded from La Reunion (Ref. 53568).
الحجم / وزن / العمر
النضج: Lm? range ? - ? cm Max length : 76.2 cm TL ذكر/ مختلط الجنس; (Ref. 26340); common length : 40.0 cm TL ذكر/ مختلط الجنس; (Ref. 3467); أعلا وزن تم نشرة: 2.7 kg (Ref. 40637)
الأشواك الظهرية (المجموع) : 2; الأشعة الظهرية الناعمة (المجموع) : 45 - 52; شوكة شرجية: 0; أشعه شرجية لينه: 47 - 53. Rudimentary pelvic spine disappears in large specimen (Ref. 36453). Snout convex in adults (Ref. 1602). Sandy to grey with small brown spots above; soft dorsal and anal fins pale yellowish to brownish; caudal membrane blackish brown (Ref. 4421).
Body shape (shape guide): short and / or deep.
Occasionally in shallow water by steep drop-offs. Solitary or in pairs, occasionally in groups of five or six, at less than 10 m depth. Juveniles are pelagic, seen under floating objects (Ref. 9318, 48637). Benthopelagic (Ref. 58302). Adults and juveniles are rarely seen near reefs. Juveniles often with large jellies and these may bring them close to reefs and adults may nest on sandflats adjacent to reefs in deep water. At other times, the adults may form large schools under weed-rafts that usually form during the wet season (Ref. 48637). Feed on benthic organisms (Ref. 30573).
دورة الحياة وسلوك التزاوج النضج | التكاثر | وضع البيض | بيض | الخصوبة | اليرقات
Harmelin-Vivien, M.L. and J.-C. Quéro, 1990. Monacanthidae. p. 1061-1066. In J.C. Quero, J.C. Hureau, C. Karrer, A. Post and L. Saldanha (eds.) Check-list of the fishes of the eastern tropical Atlantic (CLOFETA). JNICT, Lisbon; SEI, Paris; and UNESCO, Paris. Vol. 2. (Ref. 3592)
حالة القائمة الحمراء للاتحاد الدولي لحفظ الطبيعة والموارد الطبيعية (Ref. 130435: Version 2025-2 (Global))
