Raja montagui, Spotted ray : fisheries

Raja montagui Fowler, 1910

Spotted ray
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Native range | All suitable habitat | Point map | Year 2050
This map was computer-generated and has not yet been reviewed.
Raja montagui   AquaMaps   Data sources: GBIF OBIS
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Image of Raja montagui (Spotted ray)
Raja montagui
Afbeelding van Bañón Díaz, R.

Classificatie / Namen Lokale namen | Synoniemen | Catalog of Fishes(Genus, Soort(en)) | ITIS | CoL | WoRMS | Cloffa

Elasmobranchii (haaien en roggen) (sharks and rays) > Rajiformes (Skates and rays) > Rajidae (Skates)
Etymology: Raja: Latin, raja, -ae = a sting ray (Raja sp.) (Ref. 45335).
Eponymy: Colonel George Montagu (1751–1815) was a soldier and natural history writer. [...] (Ref. 128868), visit book page.
More on author: Fowler.

Milieu: milieu / Klimaatzone / Diepte / verspreidingsgebied Ecologie

marien demersaal; diepte 8 - 530 m (Ref. 88171). Temperate; 61°N - 16°N, 18°W - 25°E

Verspreiding Gebieden | FAO regio's | Ecosystemen | Voorkomen | Verspreidingskaart | Introducties | Faunafri

Eastern Atlantic: Shetlands, southern North Sea and the western Baltic to Mauritania, including the western part of the Mediterranean (to Tunisia and western Greece).

Lengte bij maturiteit / Grootte / Gewicht / Leeftijd

Maturiteit: Lm 61.0  range ? - ? cm
Max length : 102 cm TL mannelijk / geslacht onbekend; (Ref. 6014); common length : 50.0 cm TL mannelijk / geslacht onbekend; (Ref. 3261); max. gerapporteerde leeftijd: 18 Jaren (Ref. 88187)

Korte beschrijving Determinatiesleutels | Morfologie | Morfometrie

Dorsale stekels (totaal) : 0; Anale stekels: 0. Sub-rhomboid in shape with a short rostrum and rounded wing-tips. Upper surface almost smooth in young, but prickly in large specimens, except for bare centers of pectoral fins and hind part of disc, underside nearly smooth; orbital thorns separate, a regular row of 20-50 usually persistent thorns from nape to first dorsal fin; with 1-2 thorns between dorsal fins; 2 equal-sized dorsal fins at end of tail. Brownish dorsally with numerous small dark spots which do not reach the margin of the disc, frequently with a concentration of dark spots forming a ring around a pale centre on hind part of each pectoral fin, underside white (Ref. 3167).
Body shape (shape guide): other; Cross section: flattened.

Biologie     Verklarende woordenlijst (bv. epibenthic)

Found mainly along the continental shelf (Ref. 3167). Depth range from 8-283 m in the northeast Atlantic (Ref. 82399), in the southern part of its range it occurs down to 530 m (Ref. 78469, 89037), but most common between 20-120 m (Ref. 88187). Prefers habitats with sand or mud bottoms (Ref. 78469). Juveniles usually found in shallow sandy inshore areas, adults utilize more offshore sand or sand-gravel habitats (Ref. 82399, 89038). Species buries itself to avoid predation and ambush potential prey. Feeds mainly on crustaceans (Ref. 3167) with prey size increasing as it grows (Ref. 88171), also preys on benthic worms, cephalopods and small fishes (Ref. 41849, 58137). Most individuals attain a length of 40-60 cm (Ref. 3261). Oviparous. Young may tend to follow large objects, such as their mother (Ref. 205). Detects weak electric fields generated by other organisms and generate its own weak electric fields (Ref. 10311).

Levenscyclus en paargedrag Maturiteit | Voortplanting | Paaien | Eieren | Fecunditeit | Larven

Oviparous. Distinct pairing with embrace. Paired eggs are laid during summer (Ref. 3167). Eggs are oblong capsules with stiff pointed horns at the corners deposited in sandy or muddy flats (Ref. 205). Egg capsules are 5.3-7.8 cm long and 3.0-5.0 cm wide (Ref. 41250). Fully formed pups hatch after about 5-6 months and are about 11-12 cm in length (Ref. 78469, 88187).

Hoofdreferentie Upload uw referenties | Referenties | Coördinator : McEachran, John | Medewerkers

McEachran, J.D. and K.A. Dunn, 1998. Phylogenetic analysis of skates, a morphologically conservative clade of elasmobranchs (Chondrichthyes: Rajidae). Copeia 1998(2):271-290. (Ref. 27314)

Status op de Rode Lijst van het IUCN (Ref. 130435: Version 2025-2 (Global))

  Niet bedreigd (LC) ; Date assessed: 14 April 2023

CITES

Not Evaluated

CMS (Ref. 116361)

Not Evaluated

Gevaar voor de mens

  Harmless





Gebruik door de mens

Visserij: van minder commercieel belang
FAO - visserij: landings search; Publication: search | FishSource | Sea Around Us

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Internetbronnen

AFORO (otoliths) | Aquatic Commons | BHL | Cloffa | Websites from users | Bekijk FishWatcher | CISTI | Catalog of Fishes: Genus, Soort(en) | DiscoverLife | ECOTOX | FAO - visserij: landings search; Publication: search | Faunafri | Fishipedia | Fishtrace | GloBI | Google Books | Google Scholar | Google | IGFA World Record | Nationale databanken | OneZoom | Open Tree of Life | Otolith Atlas of Taiwan Fishes | Publieke aquaria | PubMed | Reef Life Survey | Socotra Atlas | TreeBase | Tree of Life | Wikipedia: ga naar, zoek | World Records Freshwater Fishing | Zoobank | Zoological Record

Schattingen op basis van modellen

Fylogenetische diversiteitsindex
(Ref. 82804) 		PD50 = 0.5000 [Uniqueness, from 0.5 = low to 2.0 = high].
Bayesian length-weight a=0.00251 (0.00202 - 0.00312), b=3.25 (3.21 - 3.29), in cm total length, based on LWR estimates for this species (Ref. 93245).
Trofisch niveau
(Ref. 69278) 		3.9   ±0.2 se; based on diet studies.
Weerstandsvermogen
(Ref. 120179) 		laag, minimale populatieverdubbelingstijd 4,5-14 jaar (K=0.18-0.21; tm=8; tmax=14; Fec=24).
Rate of population increase Prior r = 0.40, 95% CL = 0.27 - 0.61, Based on 1 full stock assessment.
Kwetsbaarheid van de visserij
(Ref. 59153) 		High vulnerability (58 of 100). 🛈
Kwetsbaarheid voor het klimaat
(Ref. 125649) 		High to very high vulnerability (67 of 100). 🛈
Prijsklasse
(Ref. 80766) 		Medium.
Voedingsstoffen
(Ref. 124155) 		Calcium = 5.91 [0.83, 102.85] mg/100g; Iron = 0.244 [0.023, 2.859] mg/100g; Protein = 16.8 [14.0, 19.1] %; Omega3 = 1 [0, 2] g/100g; Selenium = 14.6 [3.0, 72.2] μg/100g; VitaminA = 6.24 [0.46, 70.18] μg/100g; Zinc = 0.34 [0.02, 3.74] mg/100g (wet weight);