Pseudotolithus elongatus, Bobo croaker : fisheries, gamefish

Pseudotolithus elongatus (Bowdich, 1825)

Bobo croaker
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Pseudotolithus elongatus   AquaMaps   Data sources: GBIF OBIS
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Image of Pseudotolithus elongatus (Bobo croaker)
Pseudotolithus elongatus
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分类 / 名称 俗名 | 同种异名 | Catalog of Fishes(属, 种) | ITIS | CoL | WoRMS | Cloffa

Teleostei > Eupercaria/misc (Various families in series Eupercaria) 鱸形目 (Various families in series Eupercaria) > Sciaenidae (Drums or croakers) 石首魚科 (Drums or croakers)
Etymology: Pseudotolithus: Greek, pseudes = false + greek, otos = ear + Greek, lithos = stone (Ref. 45335).

环境：氛围 / 气候带 / 深度上下限 / 分布范围 生态学

海洋; 淡水; 半咸淡水 居于水底的; 深度上下限 0 - 100 m (Ref. 3593), usually 50 - 100 m (Ref. 26999). 熱帶; 17°N - 6°S, 17°W - 14°E (Ref. 54743)

分布 领土 | FAO区域 | 生态系 | 标本纪录 | 分布图 | 简介 | Faunafri

Eastern Atlantic: west coast of Africa, from Senegal to at least southern Angola (Ref. 3593, 57396, 81656).
東大西洋: 塞內加爾到安哥拉南部。

首次成熟时的长度 / 大小 / 重量 / 年龄

成熟度: Lm 19.1  range ? - ? cm
Max length : 62.5 cm TL 雄鱼/尚未辨别雌雄; (Ref. 52841); common length : 30.0 cm TL 雄鱼/尚未辨别雌雄; (Ref. 3593); 最大年龄: 5 年 (Ref. 72458)

简单描述 检索表 | 型态特徵 | 形态测量图

背棘 (总数) : 11; 背的软条 (总数) : 29 - 35; 臀棘: 2; 臀鳍软条: 6 - 7. Diagnosis: medium-sized fish, fusiform/elongate and laterally compressed (Ref. 57396, 81656). Head and snout short (Ref. 57396). Eyes rather large (Ref. 57396, 81656), 3.6-4.6 times in HL, but this character is difficult to use for identification because of allometry (Ref. 81656). Mouth large and oblique (Ref. 57396, 81656), subterminal (Ref. 57396). Maxilla extending beyond posterior eye border (Ref. 81656). Teeth villiform, set in narrow bands in both jaws; 5 marginal pores on snout and 6 mental pores (Ref. 57396). Gill rakers long (Ref. 57396, 81656) and slender (Ref. 57396), longer than gill filaments at angle of first gill arch (Ref. 57396, 81656), 11-16/1/5-8 (total 19-25) on 1st gill arch (Ref. 81656). Lower part of 1st gill arch with 0-5 reduced additional gill rakers, upper part with 0-3 reduced additional ones; preopercular edge denticulate, with a few strong spines in the corner (Ref. 81656). Dorsal fin long, deeply notched (Ref. 57396), with 10 spines in 1st part and 1 spine and 29-35 soft rays in 2nd part (Ref. 81656). 2nd anal fin spine very strong, about as long as 1st soft ray (Ref. 57396, 81656) and comprised less than twice in head length (Ref. 57396). Pectoral fins long, 23.6-29.6% SL (Ref. 81656). Caudal fin more or less pointed (Ref. 57396, 81656) or rhomboidal (Ref. 81656). Scales ctenoid on body, cycloid on breast and head; lateral line extending to hind margin of caudal fin; swim bladder carrot-shaped, its front end with a pair of appendages subdividing into a group of short anterior branches and a bundle of 5-6 slender tubes extending backwards over half the length of swim bladder (Ref. 57396). Coloration: general colour silver-grey with a reddish sheen (Ref. 81656), back olivaceous brown (Ref. 57396) with series of dark dots, belly light, yellowish during reproduction period (Ref. 57396, 81656). Dorsal and caudal fins greyish (Ref. 81656). Spinous part of dorsal fin dark, soft part lighter, with 2-3 longitudinal series of dark dots; pelvics and anal fin yellowish (Ref. 57396, 81656).
Body shape (shape guide): fusiform / normal.

生物学特性     字汇 (例如 epibenthic)

Found in coastal waters over mud bottom (Ref. 3593, 57396, 81656), very close to the shore (Ref. 57396). Also enters estuaries and coastal lagoons (Ref. 3593, 81656), where reproduction takes place (Ref. 57396). Moves farther offshore to about 100 m for spawning during rainy season from December to February; feeds on (juvenile) fish, shrimps (Ref. 28587, 81656) and other crustaceans (Ref. 81656).

发现于在泥底上的沿岸水域了, 也进入河口与岸边泻湖。 移动更远的外海到大约 100 公尺在雨季从十二月到二月期间进行产卵。 吃鱼与虾。 (参考文献 28587)

生命周期和交配行为 成熟度 | 繁殖 | 产卵场 | 卵 | 孕卵数 | 仔鱼

東大西洋: 塞內加爾到安哥拉南部。

主要参考文献 上传您的参考资料 | 参考文献 | 合作者 | 合作者

Chao, L.N. and E. Trewavas, 1990. Sciaenidae. p. 813-826. In J.C. Quero, J.C. Hureau, C. Karrer, A. Post and L. Saldanha (eds.) Check-list of the fishes the eastern tropical Atlantic (CLOFETA). JNICT, Lisbon; SEI, Paris; and UNESCO, Paris. Vol. 2. (Ref. 3593)

世界自然保护联盟红皮书 (Ref. 130435: Version 2025-2 (Global))

  最不相关 (LC) ; Date assessed: 10 March 2020

CITES

Not Evaluated

CMS (Ref. 116361)

Not Evaluated

对人类的威胁

  无害处的





人类利用

渔业: 商业性; 游钓鱼种: 是的
FAO - 渔业: 物种外形, landings search; Publication: search | FishSource | 周边海洋

更多信息

营养生态学
食物（猎物）
食性组成
食物消耗量
口粮
捕食者
生态学
生态学
人口动态
成长参数
最大年龄/尺寸
长度-重量关系
长短关系
体长-频率
质量转换
入添量
丰度
生命周期
繁殖
成熟度
成熟度/腮部关系
孕卵数
产卵场
产卵群
卵
卵的发育
仔鱼
稚鱼动力学
分布
领土
FAO区域
生态系
标本纪录
简介
BRUVS - 视频
解剖学
鳃区
大脑
耳石
生理学
身体成分
营养素
耗氧量
游泳类型
游泳速度
视觉色素
鱼声
疾病与寄生虫
毒性（半数致死浓度）
遗传学
基因组
遗传学
异质性
遗传率
基因多样性
与人类有关
水产养殖系统
水产养殖描述
品种
雪卡毒病例
邮票、硬币、杂项
外联
合作者
分类学
俗名
同种异名
型态特徵
形态测量图
照片
参考文献
参考文献

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特别资料

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摘要页面 | 点图资料 | 俗名 | 图片

网络资源

AFORO (otoliths) | Aquatic Commons | BHL | Cloffa | Websites from users | 核实 FishWatcher | CISTI | Catalog of Fishes: 属, 种 | DiscoverLife | ECOTOX | FAO - 渔业: 物种外形, landings search; Publication: search | Faunafri | Fishipedia | Fishtrace | GloBI | Google Books | Google Scholar | Google | IGFA World Record | OneZoom | Open Tree of Life | Otolith Atlas of Taiwan Fishes | PubMed | Reef Life Survey | Socotra Atlas | TreeBase | 树状分类阶层 | Wikipedia: 转至, 搜寻 | World Records Freshwater Fishing | 动物学的记录

基于模型的估算

系统发育多样性指数
(参考文献 82804) 		PD50 = 0.5156 [Uniqueness, from 0.5 = low to 2.0 = high].
Bayesian length-weight a=0.00575 (0.00365 - 0.00908), b=3.09 (2.96 - 3.22), in cm total length, based on LWR estimates for this species & (Sub)family-body (Ref. 93245).
营养阶层
(参考文献 69278) 		4.1   ±0.70 se; based on food items.
回复力
(参考文献 120179) 		中等的, 族群倍增时间最少 1.4 - 4.4年 (K=0.27-0.4; tmax=5;).
Rate of population increase Prior r = 0.52, 95% CL = 0.34 - 0.78, Based on 3 data-limited stock assessments.
渔业脆弱性
(Ref. 59153) 		Low to moderate vulnerability (32 of 100). 🛈
气候脆弱性
(Ref. 125649) 		High to very high vulnerability (74 of 100). 🛈
价格分类
(Ref. 80766) 		High.
营养素
(Ref. 124155) 		Calcium = 127 [73, 238] mg/100g; Iron = 0.993 [0.527, 1.703] mg/100g; Protein = 19.4 [18.3, 20.4] %; Omega3 = 0.265 [0.140, 0.443] g/100g; Selenium = 56.6 [30.1, 109.3] μg/100g; VitaminA = 18.3 [6.6, 54.6] μg/100g; Zinc = 1.1 [0.8, 1.6] mg/100g (wet weight);