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Eastern Atlantic: off Portugal and Strait of Gibraltar to Namibia, including Cape Verde and the Canary Islands. Also from the Mediterranean. 東大西洋: 葡萄牙外海與直布羅陀海峽到那米比亞, 包括維德角與加納利群島。 也從地中海。
首次成熟时的长度 / 大小 / 重量 / 年龄
成熟度: Lm10.8, range 14 - ? cm Max length : 65.0 cm TL 雄鱼/尚未辨别雌雄; (Ref. 3397); common length : 30.0 cm TL 雄鱼/尚未辨别雌雄; (Ref. 2683)
背棘 (总数) : 11 - 12; 背的软条 (总数) : 10 - 11; 臀棘: 3; 臀鳍软条: 8. Body and fins reddish; anal fin and lower part of caudal fin edged with white. Body shape (shape guide): fusiform / normal. 身体与鳍淡红的; 臀鳍与尾鳍的较下面的部位有白色边缘了。
Inhabit rocky or sandy bottoms; individuals descending to greater depths with growth. The stocks migrate seasonally between the coast and deeper waters in accordance with local hydrographic conditions and their life cycle. Feed mainly on fish and crustaceans; the young on plankton (Ref. 3688). Gonochorists (Ref. 4781).
Bauchot, M.-L. and J.-C. Hureau, 1990. Sparidae. p. 790-812. In J.C. Quero, J.C. Hureau, C. Karrer, A. Post and L. Saldanha (eds.) Check-list of the fishes of the eastern tropical Atlantic (CLOFETA). JNICT, Lisbon; SEI, Paris; and UNESCO, Paris. Vol. 2. (Ref. 3688)
世界自然保护联盟红皮书 (Ref. 130435: Version 2025-2 (Global))
