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Eupercaria/misc (Various families in series Eupercaria) >
Sciaenidae (Drums or croakers)
Etymology: Pseudotolithus: Greek, pseudes = false + greek, otos = ear + Greek, lithos = stone (Ref. 45335).
More on author: Bleeker.
Meio ambiente: milieu / Zona climática / intervalo de profundidade / faixa de distribuição
Ecologia
marinhas demersal; intervalo de profundidade 0 - 150 m (Ref. 2683), usually ? - 60 m (Ref. 3593). Tropical; 35°N - 17°S, 25°W - 14°E
Eastern Atlantic: Mauritania (Ref. 5377) to Angola, becoming scarce north of Cape Verde. Often confused with Pseudotolithus senegalensis.
Comprimento de primeira maturação / Tamanho / Peso / Idade
Maturidade: Lm 48.3  range ? - ? cm
Max length : 140 cm TL macho/indeterminado; (Ref. 40637); common length : 50.0 cm SL macho/indeterminado; (Ref. 4780); peso máx. publicado: 15.0 kg (Ref. 40637)
Descrição suscinta
Chaves de identificação | Morfologia | Morfometria
Espinhos dorsais (total) : 10; Raios dorsais (total) : 28 - 32. Diagnosis: dorsal fin with 9 spines in the 1st part and 1 spine and 28-32 in the second; second anal spine about half the length of the 1st anal fin soft ray; pectoral fins short, about 19-21% SL; gill rakers short, about as long as gill filament at angle between lower and upper part of gill arch; maxilla extending beyond posterior eye border, eyes small, 7.2-8.4 times in HL, but this character is difficult to use for identification because of allometry (Ref. 81656).
Body shape (shape guide): fusiform / normal.
Inhabits coastal waters from shoreline to about 150 m depth, over mud and sandy mud bottoms. Most abundant in waters less than 60 m at temperatures above 18°C. Juveniles and sub-adults enter estuaries and rivers. Feeds mainly on small fishes and crustaceans. Peak spawning season from late spring to early autumn in tropical West Africa (Ref. 4780).
Ciclo de vida ou comportamento de acasalamento
Maturidade | Reprodução | Desova | Ovos | Fecundidade | Larvas
Chao, L.N. and E. Trewavas, 1990. Sciaenidae. p. 813-826. In J.C. Quero, J.C. Hureau, C. Karrer, A. Post and L. Saldanha (eds.) Check-list of the fishes the eastern tropical Atlantic (CLOFETA). JNICT, Lisbon; SEI, Paris; and UNESCO, Paris. Vol. 2. (Ref. 3593)
Status na Lista Vermelha da UICN (Ref. 130435: Version 2025-2 (Global))
Ameaça para os humanos
Harmless
Uso pelos humanos
Pescarias: espécies comerciais
Ferramentas
Relatórios especiais
Baixar XML
Fontes da internet
Estimativas baseadas em modelos
Índice de diversidade filogenética (Ref. 82804) |
PD50 = 0.5156 [Uniqueness, from 0.5 = low to 2.0 = high]. |
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Bayesian length-weight
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a=0.00603 (0.00368 - 0.00985), b=3.04 (2.90 - 3.18), in cm total length, based on LWR estimates for this species & (Sub)family-body (Ref. 93245). |
Nível Trófico (Ref. 69278) |
3.7 ±0.5 se; based on diet studies. |
Resiliência (Ref. 120179) |
médio(a), tempo mínimo de duplicação da população 1,4 - 4,4 anos (K=0.22-0.29; tmax=7). |
Vulnerabilidade da pesca (Ref. 59153) |
Moderate to high vulnerability (49 of 100). 🛈 |
Categoria de preço (Ref. 80766) |
Medium.
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Nutrientes (Ref. 124155) |
Calcium = 62.8 [36.3, 118.9] mg/100g; Iron = 0.842 [0.417, 1.457] mg/100g; Protein = 19.1 [17.9, 20.3] %; Omega3 = 0.198 [0.109, 0.333] g/100g; Selenium = 88.4 [48.5, 173.3] μg/100g; VitaminA = 10.3 [3.8, 29.3] μg/100g; Zinc = 0.763 [0.547, 1.103] mg/100g (wet weight); |