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> Cichliformes (Cichlids, convict blennies) > Cichlidae (Cichlids) > Cichlasomatinae
Etymology: Parachromis:Greek, para = the side of + Greek, chromis = a fish, perhaps a perch (Ref. 45335). More on author: Günther.
Taxonomic Remarks Reviewed in Kullander & Hartel, 1997, with redescription and photo, and lectotype designation of P. gulosus. Heros managuensis described in more detail in Günther 1868:463, pl. 77 (fig. 3). Reviewed by Bussing (1998: 367), with key, diagnosis, geographical distribution, and figures.
पर्यावरण: पर्यावरण / जलवायु क्षेत्र / गहराई सीमा / वितरण सीमा पारिस्थितिकी
; स्वच्छ जल, अलवण जल बेनथोपिलाजिक; pH range: 7.0 - 8.7; dH range: 10 - 15; गैर प्रवासी (Ref. 126106); गहराई सीमा 3 - 10 m (Ref. 80549). Tropical; 25°C - 36°C (Ref. 36880); 37°N - 9°N
पृष्ठीय रीढ़ (सम्पूर्ण) : 17 - 18; पृष्ठीय सौफट रेज़ (सम्पूर्ण) : 10 - 11; गुदा कांटा: 6 - 8; ऐनल सौफट रेज़: 11 - 12. This species is distinguished by its large mouth, projecting lower jaw, prominent enlarged canine teeth, black spots on fins and body, a more or less continuous black stripe between the eye and opercular margin, another between the eye and the lower angle of the opercle; a row of black blotches along the middle of the side. Distinguished from other members of the genus by having the preopercle expanded at the angle. Body color silvery or golden-green to purple; back moss green, sides with purple iridescence, belly whitish or yellowish; dorsal, anal and caudal fins with numerous black spots, interspaces whitish, yellowish or with blue iridescence; a black blotch on the caudal-fin base. Breeding females with stronger crimson hue to the gill cover. Body shape (shape guide): fusiform / normal; Cross section: oval.
Adults inhabit lakes, preferring turbid waters and mud bottoms of the highly eutrophic lakes (Ref. 7335), in springs and ponds over detritus and sand bottom (Ref. 5723). Commonly found in very warm, oxygen depleted inundation lakes (Ref. 8978). Highly predaceous, feeding mainly on small fishes and macroinvertebrates (Ref. 7335; 44091). Oviparous, they spawn in batches (Ref. Highly esteemed as food fish (Ref. 44091). Maximum length 63 cm TL (Ref. 5723).
Deposits up to 5,000 eggs on rocks and other hard substrates; both parents guard the eggs and resulting fry (Ref. 44091). Reported to deposit up to 10,496 eggs (Ref. 80549).
Kullander, S.O., 2003. Cichlidae (Cichlids). p. 605-654. In R.E. Reis, S.O. Kullander and C.J. Ferraris, Jr. (eds.) Checklist of the Freshwater Fishes of South and Central America. Porto Alegre: EDIPUCRS, Brasil. (Ref. 36377)
आईयूसीएन रेड लिस्ट स्थिति (Ref. 130435: Version 2025-2 (Global))
