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| Native range | All suitable habitat | Point map | Year 2050 |
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| This map was computer-generated and has not yet been reviewed. |
| Coregonus maraena AquaMaps Data sources: GBIF OBIS |
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照片 | 谷歌图片
Coregonus maraena
图片提供人 Freyhof, J.
照片 | 谷歌图片
图片提供人 Freyhof, J.
分类 / 名称 俗名 | 同种异名 | Catalog of Fishes(属, 种) | ITIS | CoL | WoRMS | Cloffa
Teleostei > Salmoniformes (Salmons) > Salmonidae (Salmonids) > Coregoninae
Etymology: Coregonus: Greek, kore = pupils of the eye + Greek, gonia = angle (Ref. 45335).
More on author: Bloch.
Etymology: Coregonus: Greek, kore = pupils of the eye + Greek, gonia = angle (Ref. 45335).
More on author: Bloch.
环境：氛围 / 气候带 / 深度上下限 / 分布范围 生态学
海洋; 淡水; 半咸淡水 居于水底的; 溯河洄游 (Ref. 88171); 深度上下限 10 - 20 m (Ref. 130226). 溫帶; 69°N - 49°N, 7°E - 37°E (Ref. 59043)
分布 领土 | FAO区域 | 生态系 | 标本纪录 | 分布图 | 简介 | Faunafri
Europe: In the Baltic Sea: Swedish coast (including Bothnian Gulf, not in Gotland); in southern Baltic, extending from the Schlei to Gulf of Finland. Southeast North Sea Basin: Ems, Weser and Elbe drainages and small rivers of Schleswig-Holstein and Denmark. Landlocked in several lakes in Poland, Sweden, and Russia. Introduced and transplanted in many drainages within its native range and outside westward to Rhine drainage (Ref. 59043). Apparent abundance in Germany, Poland and Scandinavia results from the massive stocking programs without which the populations would rapidly decline.
Usually known as C. lavaretus in the Baltic Sea basin. North Sea population might represent a distinct species (Ref. 59043).
歐洲: 波蘭，瑞典與芬蘭。 可疑的在德國與俄國。
歐洲: 波蘭，瑞典與芬蘭。 可疑的在德國與俄國。
大小 / 重量 / 年龄
简单描述 检索表 | 型态特徵 | 形态测量图
Body shape (shape guide): fusiform / normal.
Forages along coasts. Also reported from deep, oligo-mesotrophic lakes. Feeds on benthic prey (crustaceans, molluscs, large insect larvae, small fish). Spawns in shallow water, in rapids or small rivers or over firm sediments in lowland rivers and estuaries. Northernmost stocks undertake the longest migrations between spawning and foraging grounds. In the northern part of the range, individuals may travel as much as 700 km between these areas (Ref. 59043).
Growth parameters from Russia suggest a maximum age of 20 years (Ref. 56506) .
Members of the genus Coregonus readily hybridise with other Coregonus species and populations (Ref. 89548).
产卵在十一月。 (参考文献 593) 卵生的.(参考文献 205) 卵被埋藏在没有防卫的巢之中。 (参考文献 205)
产卵在十一月。 (参考文献 593) 卵生的.(参考文献 205) 卵被埋藏在没有防卫的巢之中。 (参考文献 205)
生命周期和交配行为 成熟度 | 繁殖 | 产卵场 | 卵 | 孕卵数 | 仔鱼
Adults ascend rivers between June and October (northern Baltic) or November (southern Baltic), when water temperature drops below 10 °C.
Spawning occurs in estuarine areas with low salinities or lower reaches of rivers or rapids (Ref. 59043). Coregonus species spawn on gravel and sand bottoms (Ref. 35387). Spawns for the first time at 3-5 years. Some females spawn only every second year (Ref. 59043). Spawners may spend the winter in rivers or near estuaries along the coast (Ref. 89484). Eggs hatch in early spring and larvae drift downstream to estuarine bays or to the sea; juveniles migrate to the sea in summer (Ref. 59043).
歐洲: 波蘭，瑞典與芬蘭。 可疑的在德國與俄國。
主要参考文献
上传您的参考资料 | 参考文献 | 合作者 | 合作者
Kottelat, M., 1997. European freshwater fishes. An heuristic checklist of the freshwater fishes of Europe (exclusive of former USSR), with an introduction for non-systematists and comments on nomenclature and conservation. Biologia, Bratislava, 52/Suppl. 5:1-271. (Ref. 13696)
CITES
Not Evaluated
对人类的威胁
无害处的
人类利用
渔业: 低经济; 养殖: 商业性
FAO - Publication: search | FishSource |
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耗氧量
游泳类型
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视觉色素
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疾病与寄生虫
毒性（半数致死浓度）
身体成分
营养素
耗氧量
游泳类型
游泳速度
视觉色素
鱼声
疾病与寄生虫
毒性（半数致死浓度）
遗传学
基因组
遗传学
异质性
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基因多样性
基因组
遗传学
异质性
遗传率
基因多样性
工具
特别资料
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网络资源
AFORO (otoliths) | Alien/Invasive Species database | Aquatic Commons | BHL | Cloffa | Websites from users | 核实 FishWatcher | CISTI | Catalog of Fishes: 属, 种 | DiscoverLife | ECOTOX | FAO - Publication: search | Faunafri | Fishipedia | Fishtrace | GloBI | Google Books | Google Scholar | Google | IGFA World Record | 国家资料库 | OneZoom | Open Tree of Life | Otolith Atlas of Taiwan Fishes | PubMed | Reef Life Survey | Socotra Atlas | TreeBase | 树状分类阶层 | Wikipedia: 转至, 搜寻 | World Records Freshwater Fishing | 动物学的记录
基于模型的估算
|
系统发育多样性指数 (参考文献 82804) |
PD50 = 0.5000 [Uniqueness, from 0.5 = low to 2.0 = high]. |
| Bayesian length-weight | a=0.00537 (0.00325 - 0.00886), b=3.20 (3.06 - 3.34), in cm total length, based on LWR estimates for this species & Genus-body shape (Ref. 93245). |
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营养阶层 (参考文献 69278) |
3.5 ±0.3 se; based on size and trophs of closest relatives |
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回复力 (参考文献 120179) |
中等的, 族群倍增时间最少 1.4 - 4.4年 (tm=2-3). |
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渔业脆弱性 (Ref. 59153) |
High vulnerability (59 of 100). 🛈 |
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价格分类 (Ref. 80766) |
Very high. |