Peprilus triacanthus (Peck, 1804)
Atlantic butterfish
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Peprilus triacanthus
图片提供人 Flescher, D.
照片 | 谷歌图片
图片提供人 Flescher, D.
分类 / 名称 俗名 | 同种异名 | Catalog of Fishes(属, 种) | ITIS | CoL | WoRMS | Cloffa
Teleostei > Scombriformes (Mackerels) 鱸形目 (Mackerels) > Stromateidae (Butterfishes) 科 (Butterfishes)
Etymology: Peprilus: Greek, peprilos, paprax, certain fish from Tracia.
Etymology: Peprilus: Greek, peprilos, paprax, certain fish from Tracia.
环境：氛围 / 气候带 / 深度上下限 / 分布范围 生态学
海洋; 半咸淡水 底中水层性; 海洋洄游的 (Ref. 51243); 深度上下限 15 - 420 m (Ref. 58426), usually ? - 55 m (Ref. 53006). 亞熱帶的; 62°N - 26°N, 87°W - 52°W
分布 领土 | FAO区域 | 生态系 | 标本纪录 | 分布图 | 简介 | Faunafri
Western Atlantic: from Labrador (Ref. 58426) to the gulf coasts of Florida (Ref. 2702). Absent in Bermuda or Caribbean (Ref. 26938).
西大西洋: 紐芬蘭東部與聖勞倫斯灣在加拿大藏海灘，美國的佛羅里達東部於掌中。 也在墨西哥灣.(參考文獻 2702) 不存在於百慕達群島或加勒比海。 (參考文獻 26938)
西大西洋: 紐芬蘭東部與聖勞倫斯灣在加拿大藏海灘，美國的佛羅里達東部於掌中。 也在墨西哥灣.(參考文獻 2702) 不存在於百慕達群島或加勒比海。 (參考文獻 26938)
首次成熟时的长度 / 大小 / 重量 / 年龄
成熟度: Lm 12.0 range ? - ? cm
Max length : 30.0 cm TL 雄鱼/尚未辨别雌雄; (Ref. 7251); common length : 20.0 cm TL 雄鱼/尚未辨别雌雄; (Ref. 2702)
Max length : 30.0 cm TL 雄鱼/尚未辨别雌雄; (Ref. 7251); common length : 20.0 cm TL 雄鱼/尚未辨别雌雄; (Ref. 2702)
简单描述 检索表 | 型态特徵 | 形态测量图
背棘 (总数) : 3; 臀棘: 3. This species is distinguished by the following characters: body oval to somewhat elongate, moderately deep (its depth 2.7 to 3 times in total length) and strongly compressed; eye medium-sized (its diameter 3.4 to 3.7 times in head length), surrounded by a small area of adipose tissue; snout short and blunt, lower jaw projecting somewhat beyond upper; mouth small, tip of maxillary not reaching to anterior eye margin; teeth in jaws very small, in a single row, while those in the upper jaw flattened and with 3 tiny cusps; dorsal and anal-fin bases very long (about equal in length), the anterior fin rays elevated, but fins not falcate, and both fins preceded by 3 short, weak, spines; caudal fin deeply forked; pectoral fins long (longer than head) and pointed; pelvic fins absent; a conspicuous series of 17 to 25 pores along anterior half of body under dorsal fin; lateral line high, following dorsal profile; scales small, present also on cheeks; caudal vertebrae 17 to 20; body color pale blue above, silvery below; numerous irregular dark spots on sides in live fish (fading after death) (Ref. 53006).
Body shape (shape guide): fusiform / normal; Cross section: compressed.
显着地孔的列在侧联机面在背面的前部上.(参考文献 26938)
Body shape (shape guide): fusiform / normal; Cross section: compressed.
显着地孔的列在侧联机面在背面的前部上.(参考文献 26938)
Forms large schools over the continental shelf, except during the winter months when it may descend to deeper water. Juveniles are generally found under floating weeds and jellyfish. Often found in brackish waters (Ref. 26938). Nerito-pelagic (Ref. 58426). Adults feeds mainly on jellyfish (Ref. 26938), squids, arrow worms, crustaceans and worms (Ref. 58426). Marketed fresh, smoked and frozen; eaten fried, broiled and baked (Ref. 9988). Mostly frozen and exported to Japan.
遍及大陆架形成大群鱼群, 除了在冬天期间之外它可能下降到较深的水域的数个月。 稚鱼通常在漂浮的杂草与水母下面被发现。 时常发现于半咸淡水域。 成鱼主要捕食水母; 稚鱼是浮游生物捕食者。 (参考文献 26938) 在市场上销售生鲜、烟熏与冷冻; 油炸后食用, 火烤了而且烧烤了。 (参考文献 9988) 大部份冻结而且输出至日本。
遍及大陆架形成大群鱼群, 除了在冬天期间之外它可能下降到较深的水域的数个月。 稚鱼通常在漂浮的杂草与水母下面被发现。 时常发现于半咸淡水域。 成鱼主要捕食水母; 稚鱼是浮游生物捕食者。 (参考文献 26938) 在市场上销售生鲜、烟熏与冷冻; 油炸后食用, 火烤了而且烧烤了。 (参考文献 9988) 大部份冻结而且输出至日本。
生命周期和交配行为 成熟度 | 繁殖 | 产卵场 | 卵 | 孕卵数 | 仔鱼
Also Ref. 101194.西大西洋: 紐芬蘭東部與聖勞倫斯灣在加拿大藏海灘，美國的佛羅里達東部於掌中。 也在墨西哥灣.(參考文獻 2702) 不存在於百慕達群島或加勒比海。 (參考文獻 26938)
主要参考文献
上传您的参考资料 | 参考文献 | 合作者 | 合作者
Robins, C.R. and G.C. Ray, 1986. A field guide to Atlantic coast fishes of North America. Houghton Mifflin Company, Boston, U.S.A. 354 p. (Ref. 7251)
CITES
Not Evaluated
对人类的威胁
无害处的
人类利用
渔业: 商业性; 游钓鱼种: 是的
FAO - 渔业: landings search; Publication: search | FishSource | 周边海洋
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基于模型的估算
|
系统发育多样性指数 (参考文献 82804) |
PD50 = 0.5020 [Uniqueness, from 0.5 = low to 2.0 = high]. |
| Bayesian length-weight | a=0.01230 (0.00869 - 0.01742), b=3.14 (3.04 - 3.24), in cm total length, based on LWR estimates for this species (Ref. 93245). |
|
营养阶层 (参考文献 69278) |
3.9 ±0.0 se; based on diet studies. |
|
回复力 (参考文献 120179) |
高度, 族群倍增时间少于 15个月 (K=0.8(?); tm=1). |
|
渔业脆弱性 (Ref. 59153) |
Low vulnerability (21 of 100). 🛈 |
|
气候脆弱性 (Ref. 125649) |
Low vulnerability (22 of 100). 🛈 |
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价格分类 (Ref. 80766) |
Medium. |
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营养素 (Ref. 124155) |
Calcium = 72.3 [28.5, 163.3] mg/100g; Iron = 0.903 [0.420, 1.790] mg/100g; Protein = 18.2 [16.4, 19.7] %; Omega3 = 0.509 [0.299, 0.844] g/100g; Selenium = 40.4 [18.9, 79.2] μg/100g; VitaminA = 14.6 [4.9, 43.9] μg/100g; Zinc = 0.93 [0.59, 1.40] mg/100g (wet weight); |