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Pleuronectiformes (Flatfishes) >
Cyclopsettidae (Sand whiffs)
Etymology: Citharichthys: Latin, cithara = lire like instrument + Greek, ichthys = fish (Ref. 45335).
Eponymy: Franz Xaver Stampfli (1847–1903) was a German (possibly Swiss) naturalist who was working in Liberia (1879–1887). [...] (Ref. 128868), visit book page.
More on author: Steindachner.
Environnement : milieu / zone climatique / profondeur / gamme de distribution
Écologie
marin; eau douce; saumâtre démersal; profondeur 0 - 50 m (Ref. 2683). Tropical; 21°N - 18°S, 26°W - 20°E
Eastern Atlantic: Mauritania to Angola, including Cape Verde.
Taille / Poids / Âge
Maturité: Lm ?  range ? - ? cm
Max length : 17.6 cm TL mâle / non sexé; (Ref. 128374); poids max. publié: 73.00 g (Ref. 126037)
Description synthétique
Clés d'identification | Morphologie | Morphométrie
Épines dorsales (Total) : 0; Rayons mous dorsaux (Total) : 80 - 87; Épines anales: 0; Rayons mous anaux: 59 - 65. Diagnosis: body oval, its depth 45-50% SL (Ref. 81290, 81683). Head length 27-31% SL; eye diameter 16-23% HL; teeth in a single row on upper as well as lower jaw, no caniniform teeth (Ref. 81683). Interorbital space narrow and slightly concave (Ref. 81290, 81683). Hind end of maxilla extending to below centre of eye (Ref. 81290, 81683) but never posterior to posterior edge of pupil (Ref. 81683). Fin base length of both pelvic fins short and of about equal length (Ref. 81683). Body covered with cycloid or weakly ctenoid scales (Ref. 81290, 81683). Gill rakers moderately long and slender (Ref. 81290, 81683), about 2/3-3/4 length of gill filaments at angle of gill arch (Ref. 81683).
Coloration: eyed side yellowish brown with dark spots along dorsal and anal fins; dark brown spot at base of caudal fin, as well as on upper and lower caudal fin rays; dorsal and anal fins with a series of dark brown spots; blind side entirely whitish (Ref. 81620, 81683).
Body shape (shape guide): short and / or deep; Cross section: flattened.
Occurs in coastal waters (Ref. 2683, 81290) and brackish water of estuaries and lagoons (Ref. 81290, 81683), also ascending rivers (Ref. 81683) and entering freshwater (Ref. 2683). Feeds on fish, shrimps and crabs (Ref. 28587).
Cycle de vie et comportement reproducteur
Maturité | Reproduction | Frai | Œufs | Fécondité | Larves
Distinct pairing (Ref. 205). Oviparous (Ref. 101737). Females produce numerous eggs in multiple spawnings during a prolonged spawning period (Ref. 101737).
Aldebert, Y., M. Desoutter and J.-C. Quéro, 1990. Bothidae. p. 1027-1036. In J.C. Quero, J.C. Hureau, C. Karrer, A. Post and L. Saldanha (eds.) Check-list of the fishes of the eastern tropical Atlantic (CLOFETA). JNICT, Lisbon; SEI, Paris; and UNESCO, Paris. Vol. 2. (Ref. 5979)
Statut dans la liste rouge de l'IUCN (Ref. 130435: Version 2025-2 (Global))
Menace pour l'homme
Harmless
Utilisations par l'homme
Pêcheries: commercial
Outils
Articles particuliers
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Sources Internet
Estimations basées sur des modèles
Indice de diversité phylogénétique (Réf. 82804) |
PD50 = 0.5000 [Uniqueness, from 0.5 = low to 2.0 = high]. |
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Bayesian length-weight
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a=0.00513 (0.00338 - 0.00779), b=3.26 (3.14 - 3.38), in cm total length, based on LWR estimates for this species & Genus-body shape (Ref. 93245). |
Niveau trophique (Réf. 69278) |
3.9 ±0.55 se; based on food items. |
Résilience (Réf. 120179) |
Haut, temps minimum de doublement de population inférieur à 15 mois (Preliminary K or Fecundity.). |
Vulnérabilité de la pêche (Ref. 59153) |
Low vulnerability (13 of 100). 🛈 |
Catégorie de prix (Ref. 80766) |
Very high.
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Nutriments (Ref. 124155) |
Calcium = 279 [133, 549] mg/100g; Iron = 1.31 [0.64, 2.52] mg/100g; Protein = 17.1 [15.0, 19.1] %; Omega3 = 0.167 [0.079, 0.343] g/100g; Selenium = 48.1 [21.8, 105.2] μg/100g; VitaminA = 15.6 [4.7, 57.4] μg/100g; Zinc = 1.36 [0.89, 2.02] mg/100g (wet weight); |