Classificazione / Nomi
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Clupeiformes (Herrings) >
Engraulidae (Anchovies) > Engraulinae
Etymology: Encrasicholina: Greek, egkrasicholos, -os, -on = mixed with spleen.
Eponymy: Charles Walter De Vis (1829–1915) was a zoologist and clergyman. [...] (Ref. 128868), visit book page.
More on author: Whitley.
Taxonomic Remarks
Formerly ENGR Stol 7
Ambiente: milieu / zona climatica / distribuzione batimetrica / gamma di distribuzione
Ecologia
marino; salmastro associati a barriera corallina. Tropical; 32°N - 28°S, 43°E - 173°W (Ref. 189)
Indo-Pacific: widespread in the northern part of the Indian Ocean (Gulf of Aden, but apparently not the Red Sea nor Kenya, the Persian Gulf, India, Andaman Islands) and Western Central Pacific (Indonesia, Thailand, north to at least Taiwan Island, south to northern Australia; also eastward to Fiji and Tonga).
Lunghezza alla prima maturità / Dimensione / Peso / Età
Maturità: Lm 6.1, range 4 - ? cm
Max length : 9.7 cm TL maschio/sesso non determinato; (Ref. 55634); 10.0 cm TL (female); peso massimo pubblicato: 8.00 g (Ref. 55634); peso massimo pubblicato: 8.00 g
Spine anali: 0; Raggi anali molli: 18 - 20. Diagnosis: Body rather cylindrical, belly rounded, with 5-6, rarely 3 or 4, sharp needle-like pre-pelvic scutes; maxilla tip pointed, projecting beyond second supra-maxilla and reaching to sub-operculum; isthmus short, preceded by a small bony plate on urohyal between branchial membranes; lower gillrakers 20-27; unbranched dorsal and anal finrays 3, anal fin short, with usually 15-17 branched finrays; in life, a bright silver band on flank, with a thin blue line above, back blue/grey (Ref. 189). It closely resembles Encrasicholina heteroloba, which has only 2 unbranched dorsal and anal finrays, a dull silver/grey band on flank, and the back beige; Encrasicholina oligobranchus has only 17-18 gillrakers; other species of Encrasicholina have a fleshy urohyal plate and a maxilla tip blunt and not projecting beyond the second supra-maxilla; species of Stolephorus have a long isthmus reaching to the margin of the branchial membrane (Ref. 189).
Body shape (shape guide): elongated; Cross section: circular.
Whitehead, P.J.P., G.J. Nelson and T. Wongratana, 1988. FAO Species Catalogue. Vol. 7. Clupeoid fishes of the world (Suborder Clupeoidei). An annotated and illustrated catalogue of the herrings, sardines, pilchards, sprats, shads, anchovies and wolf-herrings. FAO Fish. Synop. 125(7/2):305-579. Rome: FAO. (Ref. 189)
Stato della Lista Rossa IUCN (Ref. 130435: Version 2025-2 (Global))
Minaccia per l'uomo
Harmless
Usi umani
Pesca: scarso interesse commerciale; esca: usually
Strumenti
Rapporti speciali
Scarica XML
Fonti Internet
Stime basate su modelli
Indice di diversità filogenetica (Fonte Biblio. 82804) |
PD50 = 0.5005 [Uniqueness, from 0.5 = low to 2.0 = high]. |
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Bayesian length-weight
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a=0.00537 (0.00459 - 0.00629), b=3.13 (3.09 - 3.17), in cm total length, based on LWR estimates for this species (Ref. 93245). |
Livello trofico (Fonte Biblio. 69278) |
3.3 ±0.1 se; based on diet studies. |
Resilienza (Fonte Biblio. 120179) |
Alto, tempo minimo di raddoppiamento della popolazione meno di 15 mesi (K=2.00-5.04; tm=0.29; tmax=1.7). |
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Rate of population increase |
Prior r = 1.19, 95% CL = 0.79 - 1.79, Based on 1 data-limited stock assessment. |
Vulnerabilità della pesca (Ref. 59153) |
Low vulnerability (10 of 100). 🛈 |
Categoria di prezzo (Ref. 80766) |
Medium.
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Nutrienti (Ref. 124155) |
Calcium = 239 [65, 779] mg/100g; Iron = 1.47 [0.53, 3.85] mg/100g; Protein = 19.7 [17.2, 21.8] %; Omega3 = 0.207 [0.089, 0.481] g/100g; Selenium = 39.9 [12.9, 127.6] μg/100g; VitaminA = 37.5 [9.1, 191.7] μg/100g; Zinc = 2.21 [1.24, 5.33] mg/100g (wet weight); based on nutrient studies. |