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Tetraodontiformes (Puffers and filefishes) >
Monacanthidae (Filefishes)
Etymology: Paramonacanthus: Greek, para = the side of + Greek, monos = one + Greek, akantha ) thorn (Ref. 45335).
Lingkungan: lingkungan / zona iklim / kisaran kedalaman / jangkauan distribusi
Ekologi
laut dasar (demersal); kisaran kedalaman 10 - 50 m (Ref. 90102). Tropical
Indian Ocean: both sides of India, and across to the western coast of Thailand. A small post-pelagic juvenile has been collected from the Maldives.
Ukuran / Berat / umur
Kematangan: Lm ?  range ? - ? cm
Max length : 10.0 cm SL jantan/; (Ref. 48637)
deskripsi pendek
Kunci identifiaksi (pengenalan) | Morfologi | Morfometrik
Duri punggung (Keseluruhan (total)) : 2; duri punggung lunak (Keseluruhan (total)) : 26 - 29; Duri dubur: 0; Sirip dubur lunak: 27 - 30; vertebrata, bertulang belakang: 19. Body width 1.9-2.5 in head length; body depth 2.0-2.8 in SL; head length 2.6-3.0 in SL; snout length 3.7-4.3 in SL; eye diameter 2.7-3.8 in head length. Head and body pale, with three wide, darker but rather indistinct stripes on body, first from eye to anterior half of soft dorsal base, second from above gill opening, continuing posteriorly to rear half of soft dorsal base, and third curving up from ventral flap, extending along midside of body to caudal peduncle; two prominent dark blotches separated by a pale wedge-shaped bar below anterior portion of soft dorsal fin; caudal fin with dusky basal blotch, followed by two dark curved cross bands.
Body shape (shape guide): short and / or deep; Cross section: compressed.
Inhabits muddy substrates in estuaries and usually found near algae rubble reef (Ref. 48637). Also found in sand bottoms of trawling grounds in 10-50 m (Ref. 90102).
Siklus hidup dan perilaku kawin
Kematangan | Reproduksi, perkembang biakan | Pemijahan | telur-telur | Fekunditas | Larva
Hutchins, J.B., 1997. Review of the monacanthid fish genus Paramonacanthus, with descriptions of three new species. Rec. West. Aust. Mus. Suppl. No. 54:1-57. (Ref. 33065)
Status IUCN Red List (Ref. 130435: Version 2025-2 (Global))
ancaman kepada manusia
Harmless
penggunaan manusia
Alat, peralatan
laporan khas
muat turun XML
Sumber internet
Estimasi berdasarkan model
Indeks keanekaragaman filogenetik (Acuan 82804) |
PD50 = 0.5000 [Uniqueness, from 0.5 = low to 2.0 = high]. |
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Bayesian length-weight
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a=0.01950 (0.00934 - 0.04069), b=2.93 (2.75 - 3.11), in cm total length, based on LWR estimates for this (Sub)family-body shape (Ref. 93245). |
Tingkat Trofik (Acuan 69278) |
3.1 ±0.3 se; based on size and trophs of closest relatives |
Daya lenting (Acuan 120179) |
Tinggi, Waktu penggandaan populasi minimum kurang dari 15 bulan (Preliminary K or Fecundity.). |
Kerentanan Penangkapan Ikan (Ref. 59153) |
Low vulnerability (18 of 100). 🛈 |