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> Cyprinodontiformes (Rivulines, killifishes and live bearers) > Rivulidae (Rivulines) > Cynolebiinae
Etymology: Nematolebias:Greek, nema, -atos = filament + Greek, lebias, ou = a kind of small fish (Ref. 45335); papilliferus:Named for the hypertrophied contact organs of the pectoral fin of male; an adjective. More on author: Costa.
Umwelt: Milieu / Klimazone / Tiefenbereich / Verbreitungsgebiet Ökologie
Rückenflossenstacheln (insgesamt) : 0; Rückenflossenweichstrahlen (insgesamt) : 13 - 18; Afterflossenstacheln: 0; Afterflossenweichstrahlen: 19 - 24; Wirbelzahl: 31. Having greenish golden vertical lines on body side and vertical golden lines on dorsal fin . Dorsal head profile slightly convex to nearly straight in male, gently concave to approximately straight in female (Ref. 42934). Body shape (shape guide): elongated.
Found in small freshwater temporary pools, 10-40 m of diameter, about 50 cm deep, in floodplains of streams and lagoons or along the vast floodplains of lower rio São João, which are sometimes close to the sea (about 100 m). Substrate of compact, soft reddish brown mud; water hyaline, yellow or dark orange brown, usually not turbid. These pools are dry twice a year, once during winter, usually from July to August, and again during summer, usually from February to March. During dry season, all fish die and eggs undergo in diapause within the substrate. Eclosion happens at the onset of wet season, usually March-April and September-October (Ref. 42934).
Males are territorial and very aggressive. Males display an elaborate courtship behavior beginning with waving lateral movement in front of female, with the unpaired fins completely opened. In an oblique position, the male touches the bottom surface with the anterior portion of its head, with vibrating body. The female placed her body side to side with the male. Then both couple dives into the substrates where spawning takes place (Ref. 42934).
Costa, W.J.E.M., 2002. The neotropical seasonal fish genus Nematolebias (Cyprinodontiformes: Rivulidae: Cynolebiatinae): taxonomic revision with description of a new species. Ichthyol. Explor. Freshwat. 13(1):41-52. (Ref. 42934)
IUCN Rote Liste Status (Ref. 130435: Version 2025-2 (Global))
