分類 / 名稱 俗名 | 同種異名 | Catalog of Fishes(屬, 種) | ITIS | CoL | WoRMS | Cloffa
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分布 領土 | FAO區域 | 生態系 | 發現紀錄 | 分布圖 | 簡介 | Faunafri
Eurasia: large rivers draining to Baltic Sea (absent in northern Sweden and Finland north of 62°N), North Sea (Weser, Elbe), Black Sea, Sea of Azov (Don) and Caspian Sea, where it is abundant in Volga, rare in Ural.
歐亞大陸: 波羅的海，黑海，亞速海北方與裡海的流域。 伯恩公約的附錄 3(受保育的動物群).
歐亞大陸: 波羅的海，黑海，亞速海北方與裡海的流域。 伯恩公約的附錄 3(受保育的動物群).
初熟時的長度 / 大小 / 重量 / 年齡
成熟度: Lm 25.5, range 24 - 27 cm
Max length : 49.0 cm TL 雄魚/尚未辨別雌雄; (Ref. 129172); common length : 20.0 cm TL 雄魚/尚未辨別雌雄; (Ref. 556); 最大體重: 2.2 kg (Ref. 138736)
Max length : 49.0 cm TL 雄魚/尚未辨別雌雄; (Ref. 129172); common length : 20.0 cm TL 雄魚/尚未辨別雌雄; (Ref. 556); 最大體重: 2.2 kg (Ref. 138736)
簡短描述 檢索表 | 型態特徵 | 形態測量圖
Differs from Ballerus sapa by having superior mouth, 62-77 scales on lateral line, and small eye with diameter about 2/3 of snout length in individuals larger than 10 cm SL (Ref. 59043).
Body shape (shape guide): fusiform / normal.
Body shape (shape guide): fusiform / normal.
Occur in large lowland rivers with backwaters and also in eutrophic lowland lakes. Feed mainly on zooplankton in open water of backwaters and other still water bodies. Spawn along shores of rivers or in backwaters on submerged vegetation and also on gravel in moderate current. Migrate upriver in long distances to suitable spawning sites. Juveniles stay in backwaters and flooded zones along rivers. Enter freshened parts of seas to forage. Life span reaches more than 10 years. Locally threatened by habitat alterations along river banks (Ref. 59043).
棲息於大河的下面範圍。 主要吃浮游生物。 在春天溯河迴游而且產卵。 (參考文獻 9696)
棲息於大河的下面範圍。 主要吃浮游生物。 在春天溯河迴游而且產卵。 (參考文獻 9696)
生命週期和交配行為 成熟度 | 繁殖 | 產卵場 | 卵 | 孕卵數 | 仔魚
Mostly spawn several times during their life. Spawning lasts usually for 1-2 weeks. Female spawn once a year. Male often guard spawning territories along the shoreline (Ref. 59043).歐亞大陸: 波羅的海，黑海，亞速海北方與裡海的流域。 伯恩公約的附錄 3(受保育的動物群).
主要參考資料
上傳您的推薦信 | 參考文獻 | 合作者 | 合作者
Kottelat, M. and J. Freyhof, 2007. Handbook of European freshwater fishes. Publications Kottelat, Cornol and Freyhof, Berlin. 646 pp. (Ref. 59043)
CITES
Not Evaluated
對人類具威脅
無害處的
人類使用
漁業: 低經濟
FAO - Publication: search | FishSource |
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網路資源
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基於模型的估計
|
系統發育多樣性指數 (參考文獻 82804) |
PD50 = 0.7500 [Uniqueness, from 0.5 = low to 2.0 = high]. |
| Bayesian length-weight | a=0.00661 (0.00593 - 0.00737), b=3.13 (3.10 - 3.16), in cm total length, based on LWR estimates for this species (Ref. 93245). |
|
營養階層 (參考文獻 69278) |
3.2 ±0.36 se; based on food items. |
| Generation time | 6.0 ( na - na) years. Estimated as median ln(3)/K based on 2 growth studies. |
|
回復力 (參考文獻 120179) |
中等的, 族群倍增時間最少 1.4 - 4.4年 (K=0.18-0.19; tm=4-5). |
|
釣魚的脆弱性 (Ref. 59153) |
Moderate to high vulnerability (49 of 100). 🛈 |
|
價格種類 (Ref. 80766) |
Unknown. |