Alosa algeriensis Regan, 1916
North African shad
分类 / 名称 俗名 | 同种异名 | Catalog of Fishes(属, 种) | ITIS | CoL | WoRMS | Cloffa
Teleostei > Clupeiformes (Herrings) > Alosidae (Shads and Sardines)
Etymology: Alosa: Latin, alausa = a fish cited by Ausonius and Latin, halec = pickle, dealing with the Greek word hals = salt; it is also the old Saxon name for shad = "alli" ; 1591 (Ref. 45335).
More on author: Regan.
Etymology: Alosa: Latin, alausa = a fish cited by Ausonius and Latin, halec = pickle, dealing with the Greek word hals = salt; it is also the old Saxon name for shad = "alli" ; 1591 (Ref. 45335).
More on author: Regan.
环境：氛围 / 气候带 / 深度上下限 / 分布范围 生态学
海洋; 淡水; 半咸淡水 pelagic-neritic; 溯河洄游 (Ref. 59043).
分布 领土 | FAO区域 | 生态系 | 标本纪录 | 分布图 | 简介 | Faunafri
Africa: along North African coasts of Mediterranean Sea from the Rif Peninsula in Morocco to northern Tunisia (Ref. 10538), also entering permanent rivers in Algeria and Tunisia (Ref. 10538, 59043). A landlocked population exists in Lake Ichkeul, Tunisia (Ref. 59043). In Europe, it is restricted to western Sardinia, Italy (Ref. 59043).
大小 / 重量 / 年龄
简单描述 检索表 | 型态特徵 | 形态测量图
背棘 (总数) : 0; 背的软条 (总数) : 18 - 22; 臀棘: 0; 臀鳍软条: 20 - 25; 脊椎骨: 53 - 57. Diagnosis: This species is distinguished from other species of Alosa entering freshwater in the Mediterranean basin by: dorsal profile convex; 40-60 thin gill rakers in individuals larger than 200 mm standard length, with 25 to 38 on its lower part; and no teeth on palatine (Ref. 10538, 59043).
Body shape (shape guide): fusiform / normal.
Body shape (shape guide): fusiform / normal.
This species undertakes anadromous breeding migrations from the sea, where it spends most of its life, into the freshwater sections of rivers; it can also live permanently in brackish water (Ref. 10538). Males migrate upriver at 3-4 years, females at 4-5 years; it starts entering rivers when temperatures reach 14-18°C, mainly in May, and spawning commences when temperature rises above 20°C in May and June (Ref. 59043). The spawners return downstream immediately after spawning, but many die after spawning; most juveniles migrate to river mouth in first summer and remain at sea until they mature (Ref. 10538, 59043). Spawning occurs close to estuaries in fresh and brackish water (Ref. 59043).
In the marine and brackish water habitats, this shad consumes small fishes, such as species of Engraulis, Sardina, and Sardinella, and small benthic crustaceans, mainly isopods and amphipods (Ref. 10538).
生命周期和交配行为 成熟度 | 繁殖 | 产卵场 | 卵 | 孕卵数 | 仔鱼
Semelparous (Ref. 59043). Most juveniles migrate to river mouth in first summer and remain at sea until they mature. Males migrate upriver at 3-4 years, females at 4-5. They start entering rivers when temperatures reach 14-18°C, mainly in May to spawn when temperatures rises above 20°C. After spawning, spent individuals migrate back to sea, but many die before they do (Ref. 59043).
主要参考文献
上传您的参考资料 | 参考文献 | 合作者 | 合作者
Kottelat, M. and J. Freyhof, 2007. Handbook of European freshwater fishes. Publications Kottelat, Cornol and Freyhof, Berlin. 646 pp. (Ref. 59043)
世界自然保护联盟红皮书 (Ref. 130435: Version 2025-2 (Global))
濒危 (EN) (B2ab(i,ii,iii,iv,v)); Date assessed: 17 May 2021
CITES
Not Evaluated
对人类的威胁
人类利用
渔业: 商业性
FAO - Publication: search | FishSource |
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网络资源
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基于模型的估算
|
系统发育多样性指数 (参考文献 82804) |
PD50 = 0.5000 [Uniqueness, from 0.5 = low to 2.0 = high]. |
| Bayesian length-weight | a=0.00692 (0.00329 - 0.01457), b=3.09 (2.92 - 3.26), in cm total length, based on LWR estimates for this Genus-body shape (Ref. 93245). |
|
营养阶层 (参考文献 69278) |
3.9 ±0.5 se; based on size and trophs of closest relatives |
|
回复力 (参考文献 120179) |
中等的, 族群倍增时间最少 1.4 - 4.4年 (Preliminary K or Fecundity.). |
|
渔业脆弱性 (Ref. 59153) |
Moderate to high vulnerability (50 of 100). 🛈 |