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Elasmobranchii 板鰓亞綱 (鯊魚與魟魚) (sharks and rays) > Squatiniformes (Angel sharks) 扁鯊目 (Angel sharks) > Squatinidae (Angel sharks) 琵琶鮫科 (Angel sharks)
Etymology: Squatina:Latin for skate, which angel sharks superficially resemble, presumably tautonymous with Squalus squatina Linnaeus 1758 (no species mentioned) (See ETYFish); africana:ana- (L.), belonging to: Africa, referring to distribution from South Africa to Mozambique, Tanzania and Madagascar (See ETYFish). More on author: Regan.
This medium-sized angel shark species (maximum size 122.0 or possibly 130.0 cm TL) posess the following characters: no median row of scute-like denticles on the trunk; anterior nasal flap has two lateral, elongate barbels and a medial rectangular barbel, the ventral margin of medial barbel is slightly fringed, but that of lateral barbels are almost smooth; posterior nasal flap without additional barblet; concave between eyes; pectoral-pelvic space 6.0-10.2% TL; pectoral-fin apex is angular; pelvic-fin free rear tips do not reach level of first dorsal-fin origin; tail moderately long, its length from cloaca 51.2-53.2% TL; pectoral fins are moderately long, length 31.8-35.6% TL; dorsal fins are not lobe-like; first dorsal-fin base is somewhat longer than second dorsal-fin base; caudal fin of adults with angular apices; monospondylous centra 46-49; diplosondylous precaudal centra 58-62; total precaudal centra 104-111; total vertebral centra 134-143; pectoral-fin skeleton is with propterygium articulating with three radials. Colouration: dorsal medium to dark brown, reddish-brown or grayish, with a variable pattern of numerous light and dark reddish spots and blotches, marbled with brownish reticulations and partially forming symmetrical dark bands or saddles (Ref. 128961). Cross section: flattened. 一明顯地平的鯊魚有與凹槽的圓頭部分開的大胸鰭.(參考文獻 5578) 背面褐色的具有一個淡色的斑點的網狀圖案, 腹面白色的.(參考文獻 5578)
Found on the continental shelf and uppermost slope, from the surf line close inshore to 494 m depth (Ref. 247). Feeds on bony fish, squid and octopus (Ref. 247). Ovoviviparous (Ref. 50449), with about 7 to 11 young in a litter (Ref. 247). Largest juvenile males measured with clearly immature claspers are 45.3 cm TL (ZMH 26100) and 50.3 cm TL (MNHN-IC-1987-1265) while the largest female examined is 94.0 cm TL (SAIAB 187381) and possibly an adult; while small female specimens of 29.3 cm TL (ZMMU P-14844), 30.9 cm TL (ZMH 123064), and 38.5 cm TL (MNHN-IC-1988-0359) mm TL are clearly juvenile (Ref. 128961). Sometimes caught by surf anglers (Ref. 6588).
Ovoviviparous, with about 7 to 11 young in a litter. Size at birth between 28 and 34 cm. Embryos feed solely on yolk (Ref. 50449).西印度洋: 來自坦尚尼亞到的熱帶與溫帶的水域南非的岬海岸東部。
Weigmann, S., D.F.B. Vaz, K.V. Akhilesh, R.H. Leeney and G.J.P. Naylor, 2023. Revision of the western Indian ocean angel sharks, genus Squatina (Squatiniformes, Squatinidae), with description of a new species and redescription of the African angel shark Squatina africana Regan, 1908. Biology 2023, 12(77):975. (Ref. 128961)
