Epinephelus bruneus Bloch, 1793
Longtooth grouper
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| Native range | All suitable habitat | Point map | Year 2050 |
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| This map was computer-generated and has not yet been reviewed. |
| Epinephelus bruneus AquaMaps Data sources: GBIF OBIS |
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Epinephelus bruneus
拍攝者 Lai, N.-W.
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拍攝者 Lai, N.-W.
分類 / 名稱 俗名 | 同種異名 | Catalog of Fishes(屬, 種) | ITIS | CoL | WoRMS | Cloffa
Teleostei > Perciformes/Serranoidei (Groupers) > Epinephelidae (Groupers)
Etymology: Epinephelus: Greek, epinephelos = cloudy (Ref. 45335).
More on author: Bloch.
Etymology: Epinephelus: Greek, epinephelos = cloudy (Ref. 45335).
More on author: Bloch.
環境： 環境 / 氣候帶 / 深度上下限 / 配送範圍 生態學
分布 領土 | FAO區域 | 生態系 | 發現紀錄 | 分布圖 | 簡介 | Faunafri
Northwest Pacific: Korea, Japan (north to Hegura-jima Island), China (south to Hong Kong and Hainan Island), and Taiwan.
西北太平洋: 韓國，日本 (北至舳倉島-宮古島) ，中國 (南至香港與海南島) 與台灣。
西北太平洋: 韓國，日本 (北至舳倉島-宮古島) ，中國 (南至香港與海南島) 與台灣。
初熟時的長度 / 大小 / 重量 / 年齡
成熟度: Lm ?, range 54 - ? cm
Max length : 136 cm TL 雄魚/尚未辨別雌雄; (Ref. 89707); common length : 60.0 cm TL 雄魚/尚未辨別雌雄; (Ref. 9137); 最大體重: 33.0 kg (Ref. 40637)
Max length : 136 cm TL 雄魚/尚未辨別雌雄; (Ref. 89707); common length : 60.0 cm TL 雄魚/尚未辨別雌雄; (Ref. 9137); 最大體重: 33.0 kg (Ref. 40637)
簡短描述 檢索表 | 型態特徵 | 形態測量圖
背棘 (總數) : 11; 背的軟條 (總數) : 14 - 16; 臀棘: 3; 臀鰭軟條: 8 - 9; 脊椎骨: 23 - 24. This species is distinguished from its congeners by the following characters: the serrae at angle of preopercle gradually and weakly enlarged from dorsal to ventral direction, 2-11 (usually 4-7); D 14-16 (usually 15); A 8-9; caudal fin rounded; ctenoid scales on lateral body. Colouration: back and side with six irregular broad oblique transverse bars, second bar directed forward becoming nearly horizontal ventral to lateral line and reaching opercular margin only dorsal to its posterior tip; third bar with an anterior branch connecting with second bar and reaching opercular margin; fourth band of head broader than eye diameter (Ref. 132424).
Body shape (shape guide): fusiform / normal; Cross section: compressed.
Body shape (shape guide): fusiform / normal; Cross section: compressed.
Inhabits rocky reefs; also found on muddy grounds (Ref. 089707). Juveniles occur in shallow waters. Commercially cultured in Japan.
棲息於岩礁; 也發現於泥濘的地面。 稚魚出現在淺水域。 商業地在日本養殖。
棲息於岩礁; 也發現於泥濘的地面。 稚魚出現在淺水域。 商業地在日本養殖。
生命週期和交配行為 成熟度 | 繁殖 | 產卵場 | 卵 | 孕卵數 | 仔魚
西北太平洋: 韓國，日本 (北至舳倉島-宮古島) ，中國 (南至香港與海南島) 與台灣。
主要參考資料
上傳您的推薦信 | 參考文獻 | 合作者 | 合作者
Heemstra, P.C. and J.E. Randall, 1993. FAO Species Catalogue. Vol. 16. Groupers of the world (family Serranidae, subfamily Epinephelinae). An annotated and illustrated catalogue of the grouper, rockcod, hind, coral grouper and lyretail species known to date. Rome: FAO. FAO Fish. Synop. 125(16):382 p. (Ref. 5222)
CITES
Not Evaluated
對人類具威脅
無害處的
人類使用
漁業: 商業性; 養殖: 商業性; 游釣魚種: 是的
FAO - Publication: search | FishSource |
更多資訊
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網路資源
AFORO (otoliths) | Aquatic Commons | BHL | Cloffa | Websites from users | 檢查 FishWatcher | CISTI | Catalog of Fishes: 屬, 種 | DiscoverLife | ECOTOX | FAO - Publication: search | Faunafri | Fishipedia | Fishtrace | GloBI | Google Books | Google Scholar | Google | IGFA World Record | 國家資料庫 | OneZoom | Open Tree of Life | Otolith Atlas of Taiwan Fishes | PubMed | Reef Life Survey | Socotra Atlas | TreeBase | 樹狀分類階層 | Wikipedia: 去, 搜尋 | World Records Freshwater Fishing | Zoobank | 動物學的記錄
基於模型的估計
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系統發育多樣性指數 (參考文獻 82804) |
PD50 = 0.5000 [Uniqueness, from 0.5 = low to 2.0 = high]. |
| Bayesian length-weight | a=0.01122 (0.00662 - 0.01902), b=3.06 (2.92 - 3.20), in cm total length, based on LWR estimates for this species & Genus-body shape (Ref. 93245). |
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營養階層 (參考文獻 69278) |
4.0 ±0.66 se; based on food items. |
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回復力 (參考文獻 120179) |
非常低的, 最小族群倍增時間超過14 年 (Preliminary K or Fecundity.). |
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釣魚的脆弱性 (Ref. 59153) |
High to very high vulnerability (75 of 100). 🛈 |
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價格種類 (Ref. 80766) |
Very high. |