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Perciformes/Serranoidei (Groupers) >
Epinephelidae (Groupers)
Etymology: Epinephelus: Greek, epinephelos = cloudy (Ref. 45335).
Eponymy: Dr Ferdinand Stoliczka (1838–1874) was an Austrian palaeontologist and zoologist who was born in Moravia (Czech Republic). [...] (Ref. 128868), visit book page.
More on author: Day.
محیط زیست: محیط زیست / منطقه آب و هوایی / تغييرات عمق / محدوده توزیع
بوم شناسي
دريايي وابسته به آب سنگ; تغييرات عمق 5 - 50 m (Ref. 89707). Tropical; 29°N - 10°N, 32°E - 68°E (Ref. 5222)
Western Indian Ocean: Red Sea (including Gulf of Suez) and northwestern Indian Ocean to the coast of Pakistan. Specimens examined include those from the Gulf of Oman. Not reported from the Gulf of Aqaba nor from Persian Gulf.
اندازه / وزن / سن
بلوغ: Lm ?  range ? - ? cm
Max length : 38.0 cm TL جنس نر / بدون خواص جنسي; (Ref. 89707); common length : 35.0 cm TL جنس نر / بدون خواص جنسي; (Ref. 5450)
خارهاي باله پشتي (کل) : 11; شعاع نرم باله پشتي (کل) : 16 - 18; خارهاي باله مخرجي: 3; شعاع نرم باله مخرجي: 8. Body robust, preopercle with moderately enlarged serrae at its angle; upper edge of the operculum almost straight; nostrils subequal or posterior nostril slightly larger. Head and body yellowish gray, with dark orange-red or reddish brown spots except ventrally and posteriorly; dark gray bars running antero-ventrally from the base of the dorsal fin; a dark saddle blotch on the caudal peduncle. Fins generally yellowish brown; median fins with broad yellowish margin posteriorly (Ref. 89707).
Body shape (shape guide): fusiform / normal; Cross section: compressed.
Occurs on shallow sandy bottoms near small coral heads; it is not known from well-developed coral reefs (Ref. 5222). Nothing has been published on its biology nor its use in fisheries (Ref. 5222). Sold fresh in local markets (Ref. 5222).
چرخه زندگی و رفتار جفتگیری
بلوغ | تولید مثل | تخم ریزی | تخم ها | باروری | توزاد ( لارو)
Heemstra, P.C. and J.E. Randall, 1993. FAO Species Catalogue. Vol. 16. Groupers of the world (family Serranidae, subfamily Epinephelinae). An annotated and illustrated catalogue of the grouper, rockcod, hind, coral grouper and lyretail species known to date. Rome: FAO. FAO Fish. Synop. 125(16):382 p. (Ref. 5222)
وضعيت در فهرست قرمز IUCN (Ref. 130435: Version 2025-2 (Global))
خطر برای انسان ها
Harmless
استفاده انسانی
ماهي گيري – شيلات: ارزش تحاري اندك
ابزارها
گزارش های ويژه
بارگيری XML
منابع اينترنتي
تخمینها بر اساس مدلها
شاخص تنوع فیلوژنتیکی (مرجع 82804) |
PD50 = 0.5000 [Uniqueness, from 0.5 = low to 2.0 = high]. |
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Bayesian length-weight
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a=0.01148 (0.00550 - 0.02396), b=3.04 (2.88 - 3.20), in cm total length, based on LWR estimates for this Genus-body shape (Ref. 93245). |
سطح تروفیک (مرجع 69278) |
3.7 ±0.6 se; based on size and trophs of closest relatives |
جهندگی (مرجع 120179) |
متوسط, كمينه زمان لازم براي دو برابر شدن جمعيت 4/1 – 4/4 سال (Preliminary K or Fecundity.). |
آسیبپذیری ماهیگیری (Ref. 59153) |
Moderate vulnerability (35 of 100). 🛈 |
طبقه قيمت (Ref. 80766) |
Very high.
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مواد مغذی (Ref. 124155) |
Calcium = 34.4 [17.0, 70.1] mg/100g; Iron = 0.515 [0.282, 1.054] mg/100g; Protein = 18.5 [17.0, 19.9] %; Omega3 = 0.128 [0.082, 0.201] g/100g; Selenium = 30.8 [18.6, 53.3] μg/100g; VitaminA = 217 [61, 775] μg/100g; Zinc = 1.39 [0.96, 1.94] mg/100g (wet weight); |