Epinephelus summana (Fabricius, 1775)
Summan grouper
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| Native range | All suitable habitat | Point map | Year 2050 |
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| This map was computer-generated and has not yet been reviewed. |
| Epinephelus summana AquaMaps Data sources: GBIF OBIS |
分类 / 名称 俗名 | 同种异名 | Catalog of Fishes(属, 种) | ITIS | CoL | WoRMS | Cloffa
Teleostei > Perciformes/Serranoidei (Groupers) > Epinephelidae (Groupers)
Etymology: Epinephelus: Greek, epinephelos = cloudy (Ref. 45335).
Etymology: Epinephelus: Greek, epinephelos = cloudy (Ref. 45335).
环境：氛围 / 气候带 / 深度上下限 / 分布范围 生态学
分布 领土 | FAO区域 | 生态系 | 标本纪录 | 分布图 | 简介 | Faunafri
Western Indian Ocean: known only from the Red Sea and Gulf of Aden (Ref. 5222). Reported from Somalia and Socotra (Yemen).
東印度洋: 已知只來自紅海與亞丁灣了。
東印度洋: 已知只來自紅海與亞丁灣了。
大小 / 重量 / 年龄
成熟度: Lm ? range ? - ? cm
Max length : 52.0 cm TL 雄鱼/尚未辨别雌雄; (Ref. 9710); common length : 40.0 cm TL 雄鱼/尚未辨别雌雄; (Ref. 5450)
Max length : 52.0 cm TL 雄鱼/尚未辨别雌雄; (Ref. 9710); common length : 40.0 cm TL 雄鱼/尚未辨别雌雄; (Ref. 5450)
简单描述 检索表 | 型态特徵 | 形态测量图
背棘 (总数) : 11; 背的软条 (总数) : 14 - 16; 臀棘: 3; 臀鳍软条: 8 - 9. Body robust. Serrae at the angle of the preopercle slightly enlarged; the upper edge of the operculum strongly convex. Posterior nostril of adults vertically elongate. Very similar to E. ongus which has longer pectoral fins, and a narrow white margin with broad blackish submarginal band on the median fins, which are absent or poorly developed in E. summana. Generally dark olive-brown to dark brownish gray with large pale blotches (most larger than the eye) and numerous small white spots overlying this pattern. Fins covered with small white spots, except for pectoral fins where the white spots are confined to the base.
Body shape (shape guide): fusiform / normal; Cross section: compressed.
身体结实的。 前鳃盖骨角落的锯齿些微地增大了; 鳃盖的上缘强烈中凸。 成鱼的后鼻孔垂直地延长。 非常类似有较长的胸鳍的 E. ongus ，而且狭窄的白色边缘有在中央的鳍上宽黑色的靠近边缘的条纹, 那是在 E. summana 中不存在或者发展不良的。 通常深黄褐色到深褐色的灰色有过度地这一个图案的大的灰白斑块 (大部分大于眼) 与很多的白色小斑点。 覆盖着白色小斑点的鳍,除了白色的斑点被局限于基底的胸鳍。
Body shape (shape guide): fusiform / normal; Cross section: compressed.
身体结实的。 前鳃盖骨角落的锯齿些微地增大了; 鳃盖的上缘强烈中凸。 成鱼的后鼻孔垂直地延长。 非常类似有较长的胸鳍的 E. ongus ，而且狭窄的白色边缘有在中央的鳍上宽黑色的靠近边缘的条纹, 那是在 E. summana 中不存在或者发展不良的。 通常深黄褐色到深褐色的灰色有过度地这一个图案的大的灰白斑块 (大部分大于眼) 与很多的白色小斑点。 覆盖着白色小斑点的鳍,除了白色的斑点被局限于基底的胸鳍。
Occurs in shallow protected coral reefs and in lagoons or brackish-water environments (Ref. 5222). No published information on the biology of this species has been found (Ref. 5222). Sold fresh in local markets (Ref. 5222).
出现于水浅且有遮蔽的珊瑚礁与在泻湖或半淡咸水环境.(参考文献 5222) 没有被出版的关于信息这种的生物学特性已经被发现。 (参考文献 5222) 在地方市场中生鲜贩卖了。 (参考文献 5222)
出现于水浅且有遮蔽的珊瑚礁与在泻湖或半淡咸水环境.(参考文献 5222) 没有被出版的关于信息这种的生物学特性已经被发现。 (参考文献 5222) 在地方市场中生鲜贩卖了。 (参考文献 5222)
生命周期和交配行为 成熟度 | 繁殖 | 产卵场 | 卵 | 孕卵数 | 仔鱼
東印度洋: 已知只來自紅海與亞丁灣了。
主要参考文献
上传您的参考资料 | 参考文献 | 合作者 | 合作者
Heemstra, P.C. and J.E. Randall, 1993. FAO Species Catalogue. Vol. 16. Groupers of the world (family Serranidae, subfamily Epinephelinae). An annotated and illustrated catalogue of the grouper, rockcod, hind, coral grouper and lyretail species known to date. Rome: FAO. FAO Fish. Synop. 125(16):382 p. (Ref. 5222)
CITES
Not Evaluated
对人类的威胁
无害处的
人类利用
渔业: 低经济
FAO - 渔业: landings search; Publication: search | FishSource | 周边海洋
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基于模型的估算
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系统发育多样性指数 (参考文献 82804) |
PD50 = 0.5000 [Uniqueness, from 0.5 = low to 2.0 = high]. |
| Bayesian length-weight | a=0.01148 (0.00550 - 0.02396), b=3.04 (2.88 - 3.20), in cm total length, based on LWR estimates for this Genus-body shape (Ref. 93245). |
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营养阶层 (参考文献 69278) |
3.8 ±0.6 se; based on size and trophs of closest relatives |
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回复力 (参考文献 120179) |
中等的, 族群倍增时间最少 1.4 - 4.4年 (Preliminary K or Fecundity.). |
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渔业脆弱性 (Ref. 59153) |
Moderate vulnerability (42 of 100). 🛈 |
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气候脆弱性 (Ref. 125649) |
Very high vulnerability (83 of 100). 🛈 |
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价格分类 (Ref. 80766) |
Very high. |
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营养素 (Ref. 124155) |
Calcium = 28.8 [12.7, 60.3] mg/100g; Iron = 0.473 [0.253, 0.981] mg/100g; Protein = 18.8 [17.2, 20.3] %; Omega3 = 0.124 [0.076, 0.198] g/100g; Selenium = 28.4 [16.3, 51.7] μg/100g; VitaminA = 183 [46, 765] μg/100g; Zinc = 1.55 [1.04, 2.18] mg/100g (wet weight); |