Miljö: miljö / Klimatzon / djupintervall / distributionsområde
Ekologi
marina batypelagisk; djupintervall 298 - 4938 m (Ref. 58302), usually 400 - 2400 m (Ref. 58302). Deep-water; 64°N - 20°N, 105°E - 130°W
North Pacific: temperate and subtropical, from southern Japan to Baja California, from 21°N and into the Bering Sea.
Storlek / Vikt / Ålder
Könsmognad: Lm ?  range ? - ? cm
Max length : 6.2 cm SL hane/ej könsbestämd; (Ref. 559)
Kort beskrivning
Bestämningsnycklar | Morfologi | Morfometri
Taggstrålar i ryggfenan (totalt) : 0; Mjukstrålar i ryggfenan (totalt) : 12 - 15; Taggstrålar i analfenan: 0; Mjukstrålar i analfenan: 17 - 20; Ryggkotor: 31 - 33. Body dark-brown or black; margin of scale pockets especially dark; area immediately anterior to anal origin densely pigmented and not transparent; peritoneum black, ending above area between 3rd and 4th VAV, usually invisible from the outside (Ref. 559). Gill lamellae free and reduced (Ref. 559).
Body shape (shape guide): elongated.
Meso- to bathypelagic (Ref. 58302). Inhabits deep water and is only captured with special equipment. Lipid content is 4.0 % in fresh body weight and wax ester is 58.4 % in total lipid (Ref. 9193). Protandrous hermaphrodite, oviparous with planktonic eggs and larvae (Ref. 35800).
Livscykel och parningsbeteende
Könsmognad | Reproduktion | Lek | Ägg | Fekunditet | Larver
Masuda, H., K. Amaoka, C. Araga, T. Uyeno and T. Yoshino, 1984. The fishes of the Japanese Archipelago. Vol. 1. Tokai University Press, Tokyo, Japan. 437 p. (text). (Ref. 559)
Status på IUCN:s rödlista (Ref. 130435: Version 2025-2 (Global))
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Uppskattningar baserade på modeller
Index för fylogenetisk mångfald (Ref. 82804) |
PD50 = 0.5001 [Uniqueness, from 0.5 = low to 2.0 = high]. |
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Bayesian length-weight
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a=0.00389 (0.00170 - 0.00889), b=3.00 (2.80 - 3.20), in cm total length, based on LWR estimates for this (Sub)family-body shape (Ref. 93245). |
Trofisk nivå (Ref. 69278) |
3.1 ±0.3 se; based on size and trophs of closest relatives |
Resiliens (Ref. 120179) |
Hög, lägsta populationsfördubblingstid mindre än 15 månader (Preliminary K or Fecundity.). |
Sårbarhet i fisket (Ref. 59153) |
Low vulnerability (16 of 100). 🛈 |