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Centrarchiformes (Basses) >
Kuhliidae (Aholeholes)
Etymology: Kuhlia: Because of Heindrich Kuhl, 1797-1821; researcher also with lizards (Gekkonidae).
Eponymy: Dr Heinrich Kuhl (1797–1821) was a German naturalist and zoologist. [...] (Ref. 128868), visit book page.
More on author: Lacepède.
Miljö: miljö / Klimatzon / djupintervall / distributionsområde
Ekologi
marina; sötvatten; brackvatten revassocierade; katadrom (Ref. 138274); djupintervall 0 - 5 m (Ref. 86942). Tropical; 20°C - 26°C (Ref. 2060)
Africa to Asia and Oceania: East Africa to Samoa, north to the Ryukyu Islands, south to Queensland, Australia and New Caledonia.
Längd vid första mognad / Storlek / Vikt / Ålder
Könsmognad: Lm 26.5, range 26 - 27 cm
Max length : 45.0 cm TL hane/ej könsbestämd; (Ref. 5329); common length : 25.0 cm SL hane/ej könsbestämd; (Ref. 2847); publicerad maxvikt: 2.7 kg (Ref. 5329)
Taggstrålar i ryggfenan (totalt) : 10; Mjukstrålar i ryggfenan (totalt) : 10 - 12; Taggstrålar i analfenan: 3; Mjukstrålar i analfenan: 9 - 11. Diagnosis: Preorbital serrae 10-15 (obsolete in large specimens); body depth 2.6-3.0 in SL; mouth large for genus, maxilla reaching to below posterior half of eye; caudal fin emarginate, lobes somewhat rounded, caudal concavity 5.3-8.7 in head length (Ref. 41640). Reduced number of lateral line scales; 17-18(19) gillrakers on lower part of first bracnhial arch; body with spots (Ref. 79840).
Coloration: Silvery, the scales dorsally on body with black edges, those on side with a black bar or spot; juveniles with a broad black zone, edged above and below in white, in soft portion of dorsal fin, and each lobe of caudal fin with a large, white-edged black spot; black areas in these fins enlarge with growth until in adults most of these fins black (caudal with upper and lower edges and corners whitish) (Ref. 41640).
Body shape (shape guide): fusiform / normal.
Primarily a freshwater inhabitant but may penetrate adjacent marine habitats (Ref. 41640). Adults occur in estuaries and the middle reaches of rivers; usually in relatively fast-flowing, clear streams (Ref. 2847, 79840). Usually in rainforests, as well as in rocky pools below waterfalls (Ref. 44894). Adults are omnivorous, feeding on small fishes, insects, crustaceans and fruits (figs) that drop into the water. Specific breeding habits are unknown, but adults move downstream into estuaries or to the sea to spawn (Ref. 44894). Neither anterolateral groove nor venom gland is present (Ref. 57406). Good food fish (Ref. 5329).
Livscykel och parningsbeteende
Könsmognad | Reproduktion | Lek | Ägg | Fekunditet | Larver
Presumably non-guarders (RF).
Randall, J.E. and H.A. Randall, 2001. Review of the fishes of the genus Kuhlia (Perciformes: Kuhliidae) of the Central Pacific. Pac. Sci. 55(3):227-256. (Ref. 41640)
Status på IUCN:s rödlista (Ref. 130435: Version 2025-2 (Global))
Hot mot människor
Harmless
Mänskliga användningsområden
Fiskeri: kommersiell; sportfisk: ja
Verktyg
Särskilda rapporter
Ladda ner XML
Internet-källor
Uppskattningar baserade på modeller
Index för fylogenetisk mångfald (Ref. 82804) |
PD50 = 0.5005 [Uniqueness, from 0.5 = low to 2.0 = high]. |
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Bayesian length-weight
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a=0.01445 (0.00619 - 0.03377), b=3.06 (2.86 - 3.26), in cm total length, based on LWR estimates for this (Sub)family-body shape (Ref. 93245). |
Trofisk nivå (Ref. 69278) |
3.2 ±0.45 se; based on food items. |
Resiliens (Ref. 120179) |
Mellan, lägsta populationsfördubblingstid 1,4-4,4 år (Preliminary K or Fecundity.). |
Sårbarhet i fisket (Ref. 59153) |
Moderate vulnerability (44 of 100). 🛈 |
Priskategori (Ref. 80766) |
Unknown.
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Näringsämnen (Ref. 124155) |
Calcium = 47.5 [26.2, 74.1] mg/100g; Iron = 0.537 [0.323, 0.863] mg/100g; Protein = 19.4 [18.3, 20.4] %; Omega3 = 0.111 [0.070, 0.175] g/100g; Selenium = 19.4 [11.2, 34.6] μg/100g; VitaminA = 80.8 [27.4, 245.9] μg/100g; Zinc = 1.58 [1.13, 2.15] mg/100g (wet weight); |