Ctenopharyngodon idella, Grass carp : fisheries, aquaculture, gamefish

Ctenopharyngodon idella (Valenciennes, 1844)

Grass carp
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Ctenopharyngodon idella
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Klassificering / Namn Populärnamn | synonymer | Catalog of Fishes(Släkte, Arter) | ITIS | CoL | WoRMS | Cloffa

> Cypriniformes (Carps) > Xenocyprididae (East Asian minnows)
Etymology: Ctenopharyngodon: Greek, kteis, ktenos = comb + Greek, pharyngx = pharynx + greek, odous = teeth (Ref. 45335)idella: From the words cteno, meaning comb; pharyngodon, pharyngeal teeth (referring to the corrugate or comb-like cutting surfaces of the pharyngeal teeth); and idella (derived from ideo), meaning distinctive (Ref. 10294).
More on author: Valenciennes.

Miljö: miljö / Klimatzon / djupintervall / distributionsområde Ekologi

; sötvatten; brackvatten bentopelagisk; flodvandrande (Ref. 126106); djupintervall 0 - 30 m (Ref. 6898). Subtropical; 0°C - 35°C (Ref. 52059); 50°N - 23°N, 100°E - 142°E (Ref. 48)

Utbredning Territorier | FAO områden | Ekosystem | Förekomster | Prickkarta | Utplanteringar | Faunafri

Asia: Eastern China and Russia (Ref. 48) in eastern Siberia, Amur River system (Ref. 1441). Widely transported around the world (Ref. 7248). Persists only in Europe by stocking (Ref. 59043). Introductions often brought with it the parasitic tapeworm Bothriocephalus opsarichthydis (synonym of B. acheilognathi) (Ref. 12217). Several countries report adverse ecological impact after introduction.

Längd vid första mognad / Storlek / Vikt / Ålder

Könsmognad: Lm 68.2, range 58 - 79.2 cm
Max length : 150 cm TL hane/ej könsbestämd; (Ref. 30578); common length : 10.7 cm SL hane/ej könsbestämd; (Ref. 35840); publicerad maxvikt: 45.0 kg (Ref. 52193); rapporterad maxålder: 21 år (Ref. 48)

Kort beskrivning Bestämningsnycklar | Morfologi | Morfometri

Taggstrålar i ryggfenan (totalt) : 0; Mjukstrålar i ryggfenan (totalt) : 10 - 11; Taggstrålar i analfenan: 0; Mjukstrålar i analfenan: 10 - 14. Diagnosis: No barbels; snout very short, its length less than or equal to eye diameter; postorbital length more than half head length (Ref. 4967). 18 soft rays for caudal fin (Ref. 40476). Diagnosed from rather similar species Mylopharyngodon piceus by having the following characters: body olive to brassy green above, silvery white to yellow below; body cylindrical; pharyngeal teeth laterally compressed, serrated, with a groove along grinding surface, usually in two rows, 2,5-4,2 (Ref. 59043).


Body shape (shape guide): fusiform / normal.

Biologi     Ordlista (t.ex. epibenthic)

Adults occur in lakes, ponds, pools and backwaters of large rivers (Ref. 5723), preferring large, slow-flowing or standing water bodies with vegetation (Ref. 52193). They are tolerant of a wide range of temperatures from 0° to 38°C, and salinities to as much as 10 ppt and oxygen levels down to 0.5 ppm (Ref. 52193). They feed on higher aquatic plants and submerged grasses; takes also detritus, insects and other invertebrates. One of the world's most important aquaculture species and also used for weed control in rivers, fish ponds and reservoirs (Ref. 9987). Spawning takes place on riverbeds with very strong current (Ref. 30578). Utilized also fresh and eaten steamed, pan-fried, broiled and baked (Ref. 9987). Considered as a pest in most countries because of the damages made to submerged vegetation (Ref. 43281).

Livscykel och parningsbeteende Könsmognad | Reproduktion | Lek | Ägg | Fekunditet | Larver

Spawns in gravel bottomed areas of rivers (Ref. 48). Eggs are pelagic and hatch while drifting downstream in 2-3 days (Ref. 59043).

Huvudreferens Ladda upp dina referenser | referenser | Koordinator | Medarbetare

Shireman, J.V. and C.R. Smith, 1983. Synopsis of biological data on the grass carp, Ctenopharyngodon idella (Cuvier and Valenciennes, 1884). FAO Fish. Synop. No.135, 86 p. (Ref. 48)

Status på IUCN:s rödlista (Ref. 130435: Version 2025-2 (Global))

  Least Concern (LC) ; Date assessed: 30 March 2020

CITES

Not Evaluated

CMS (Ref. 116361)

Not Evaluated

Hot mot människor

  Potential pest





Mänskliga användningsområden

Fiskeri: mindre kommeriell; Vattenbruk: kommersiell; sportfisk: ja
FAO - Vattenbrukssystem: artprofil, production search; fiskeri: landings search; Publication: search | FishSource |

Ytterligare information

Livscykel
Reproduktion
Könsmognad
Mognad/Gills rel.
Fekunditet
Lek
Lekande aggregat
Ägg
Utveckling av ägg
Larver
Larvdynamik
Anatomi
Gälyta
Hjärna
Otolit
Fysiologi
Kroppssammansättning
Näringsämnen
Syreförbrukning
Typ av simning
Simhastighet
Visuella pigment
Ljud från fisk
Sjukdomar & Parasiter
Toxicitet (LC50)
Genetik
Genom
Genetik
Heterozygositet
Ärftlighet
Genetisk mångfald
Människorelaterad
Vattenbrukssystem
Vattenbruksprofiler
Avelslinjer
Ciguatera-fall
Frimärken, mynt, diverse.
Uppsökande verksamhet
Medarbetare
referenser
referenser

Verktyg

Särskilda rapporter

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Uppskattningar baserade på modeller

Index för fylogenetisk mångfald
(Ref. 82804)
PD50 = 1.0000 [Uniqueness, from 0.5 = low to 2.0 = high].
Bayesian length-weight a=0.00933 (0.00810 - 0.01076), b=3.09 (3.05 - 3.13), in cm total length, based on LWR estimates for this species (Ref. 93245).
Trofisk nivå
(Ref. 69278)
2.0   ±0.00 se; based on food items.
Resiliens
(Ref. 120179)
Låg, lägsta populationsfördubblingstid 4,5-14 år (K=0.13-0.19; tm=2-10; tmax=21; Fec=50,000).
Sårbarhet i fisket
(Ref. 59153)
High to very high vulnerability (69 of 100). 🛈
Priskategori
(Ref. 80766)
Unknown.
Näringsämnen
(Ref. 124155)
Calcium = 23.6 [11.8, 60.4] mg/100g; Iron = 0.812 [0.355, 1.761] mg/100g; Protein = 17.3 [15.7, 19.0] %; Omega3 = 0.296 [0.167, 0.545] g/100g; Selenium = 34.8 [17.8, 71.3] μg/100g; VitaminA = 15.6 [3.4, 60.0] μg/100g; Zinc = 0.493 [0.300, 1.558] mg/100g (wet weight); based on nutrient studies.