Lingkungan: lingkungan / zona iklim / kisaran kedalaman / jangkauan distribusi
Ekologi
laut dasar (demersal); kisaran kedalaman 1 - 100 m (Ref. 96339). Tropical; 32°N - 7°S, 115°W - 78°W (Ref. 114953)
Eastern Pacific: Gulf of California to northern Peru.
Ukuran / Berat / umur
Kematangan: Lm ?  range ? - ? cm
Max length : 119 cm TL jantan/; (Ref. 111131)
Found in shallow water on sandy bottoms, sometimes adjacent to reefs (Ref. 12951). Found buried in the sand during the day (Ref. 12951). Moves into shallow bays at night to feed; prefers polychaete worms, but may take sea squirts (Ref. 12951). Produces litters of up to 15 pups. Maturity size of males at ca. 36 cm TL; birth size at ca. 11 cm TL (Ref. 114953).
Siklus hidup dan perilaku kawin
Kematangan | Reproduksi, perkembang biakan | Pemijahan | telur-telur | Fekunditas | Larva
McEachran, J.D., 1995. Narcinidae. Rayas eléctricas. p. 769-771. In W. Fischer, F. Krupp, W. Schneider, C. Sommer, K.E. Carpenter and V. Niem (eds.) Guia FAO para Identification de Especies para los Fines de la Pesca. Pacifico Centro-Oriental. 3 Vols. FAO, Rome. (Ref. 9259)
Status IUCN Red List (Ref. 130435: Version 2025-2 (Global))
penggunaan manusia
Alat, peralatan
laporan khas
muat turun XML
Sumber internet
Estimasi berdasarkan model
Indeks keanekaragaman filogenetik (Acuan 82804) |
PD50 = 0.5000 [Uniqueness, from 0.5 = low to 2.0 = high]. |
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Bayesian length-weight
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a=0.01259 (0.00716 - 0.02213), b=2.91 (2.75 - 3.07), in cm total length, based on LWR estimates for this species & (Sub)family-body (Ref. 93245). |
Tingkat Trofik (Acuan 69278) |
3.0 ±0.18 se; based on food items. |
Daya lenting (Acuan 120179) |
Rendah, Waktu penggandaan populasi minimum 4.5 - 14 tahun (Assuming fecundity<100). |
Kerentanan Penangkapan Ikan (Ref. 59153) |
Moderate to high vulnerability (52 of 100). 🛈 |