分類 / 名稱
俗名 | 同種異名 | Catalog of Fishes(屬, 種) | ITIS | CoL | WoRMS | Cloffa
環境: 環境 / 氣候帶 / 深度上下限 / 配送範圍
生態學
海洋 礁區魚類; 非遷移的 (Ref. 52884); 深度上下限 4 - 30 m (Ref. 5227). 熱帶; 28°N -
Eastern Pacific: Gulf of California to Peru, including the Galapagos Islands.
東太平洋: 加州灣到祕魯, 包括加拉巴哥群島。
大小 / 重量 / 年齡
成熟度: Lm ?  range ? - ? cm
Max length : 35.6 cm TL 雄魚/尚未辨別雌雄; (Ref. 5592); common length : 15.0 cm TL 雄魚/尚未辨別雌雄; (Ref. 55763)
Body shape (shape guide): short and / or deep; Cross section: compressed.
Diurnal grazers on sessile invertebrates and algae but specializes to a larger extent on sponges. They also feed on plankton. Reproduction occurs in late summer. Females are more territorial and form pair bonds with the males. Oviparous (Ref. 240). Monogamous and always in home-ranging pairs, that is they do not defend an exclusive territory (Ref. 52884). Sometimes forms mixed aggregations with Pomacanthus zonipectus (Ref. 9333). Cleaning behavior has been observed in juveniles.
在固著的無脊椎動物與藻類上的日行性吃草的動物但是在海綿上對較大的範圍特殊化。 也吃浮游生物。 繁殖發生於夏末。 雌性更具有領域性而且用雄性形成結合的一對。 卵生的 (參考文獻 240) ,一夫一妻的.(參考文獻 52884) 有時形成把群集和 胸帶刺蓋魚〔Pomacanthus zonipectus〕 混合在一起。 (參考文獻 9333) 清潔行為已經在稚魚被觀察。
生命週期和交配行為
成熟度 | 繁殖 | 產卵場 | 卵 | 孕卵數 | 仔魚
Spawn daily throughout the lunar cycle (Ref. 240). Protogyny has been proposed for this species awaiting confirmation (Ref. 103751). Monogamous mating is observed as both facultative and social (Ref. 52884).東太平洋: 加州灣到祕魯, 包括加拉巴哥群島。
Thomson, D.A., 1987. Reef fishes of the Sea of Cortez. The rocky-shore fishes of the Gulf of California. The University of Arizona Press, Tucson. 302 p. (Ref. 5592)
IUCN 瀕危狀態 (Ref. 130435: Version 2025-2 (Global))
無危 (LC) ; Date assessed: 08 October 2009
人類使用
漁業: 商業性; 水族館: 商業性
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基於模型的估計
系統發育多樣性指數 (參考文獻 82804) |
PD50 = 0.5078 [Uniqueness, from 0.5 = low to 2.0 = high]. |
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Bayesian length-weight
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a=0.02818 (0.01439 - 0.05521), b=2.92 (2.75 - 3.09), in cm total length, based on LWR estimates for this species & (Sub)family-body (Ref. 93245). |
營養階層 (參考文獻 69278) |
2.6 ±0.33 se; based on food items. |
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Generation time |
8.7 ( na - na) years. Estimated as median ln(3)/K based on 1 growth studies. |
回復力 (參考文獻 120179) |
低的, 最小族群倍增時間4.5 - 14 年 (K=0.1;). |
釣魚的脆弱性 (Ref. 59153) |
Moderate to high vulnerability (54 of 100). 🛈 |
價格種類 (Ref. 80766) |
High.
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營養素 (Ref. 124155) |
Calcium = 44.8 [22.2, 76.4] mg/100g; Iron = 0.524 [0.313, 0.874] mg/100g; Protein = 18.2 [16.9, 19.4] %; Omega3 = 0.0876 [, ] g/100g; Selenium = 30.6 [16.1, 58.5] μg/100g; VitaminA = 65 [15, 248] μg/100g; Zinc = 1.4 [1.0, 2.0] mg/100g (wet weight); |