Rhizoprionodon acutus (Rüppell, 1837)
Milk shark
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| Native range | All suitable habitat | Point map | Year 2050 |
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| This map was computer-generated and has not yet been reviewed. |
| Rhizoprionodon acutus AquaMaps Data sources: GBIF OBIS |
分類 / 名稱 俗名 | 同種異名 | Catalog of Fishes(屬, 種) | ITIS | CoL | WoRMS | Cloffa
Elasmobranchii 板鰓亞綱 (鯊魚與魟魚) (sharks and rays) > Carcharhiniformes (Ground sharks) 真鯊目 (Ground sharks) > Carcharhinidae (Requiem sharks) 白眼鮫科 (Requiem sharks)
Etymology: Rhizoprionodon: rhiza (Gr.), root; prion (Gr.) saw; odon (Gr.), tooth, referring to teeth with serrated (saw-like) bases, or roots [replacement name for Rhizoprion Ogilby 1915, preoccupied by Rhizoprion Jourdan 1861 in mammals] (See ETYFish); acutus: Latin for sharp or pointed, probably referring to narrow, pointed snout (See ETYFish).
More on author: Rüppell.
Etymology: Rhizoprionodon: rhiza (Gr.), root; prion (Gr.) saw; odon (Gr.), tooth, referring to teeth with serrated (saw-like) bases, or roots [replacement name for Rhizoprion Ogilby 1915, preoccupied by Rhizoprion Jourdan 1861 in mammals] (See ETYFish); acutus: Latin for sharp or pointed, probably referring to narrow, pointed snout (See ETYFish).
More on author: Rüppell.
環境： 環境 / 氣候帶 / 深度上下限 / 配送範圍 生態學
海洋; 淡水; 半鹹淡水 底中水層性; 非產卵性溯降河的 (Ref. 51243); 深度上下限 1 - 200 m (Ref. 244). 熱帶; 41°N - 30°S, 27°W - 156°E
分布 領土 | FAO區域 | 生態系 | 發現紀錄 | 分布圖 | 簡介 | Faunafri
Eastern Atlantic: Madeira and Mauritania to Angola (Ref. 244). Indo-West Pacific: Persian Gulf (Ref. 68964), Red Sea and East Africa to Indonesia, north to Japan, south to Australia. Also reported from Gulf of Taranto in Mediterranean Sea (Ref. 231).
東大西洋: 馬得拉群島與茅利塔尼亞到安哥拉; 記錄自塔倫多灣了。 (參考文獻 231) 印度-西太平洋: 紅海而且東非到印尼,北至日本, 南至澳洲。
東大西洋: 馬得拉群島與茅利塔尼亞到安哥拉; 記錄自塔倫多灣了。 (參考文獻 231) 印度-西太平洋: 紅海而且東非到印尼,北至日本, 南至澳洲。
初熟時的長度 / 大小 / 重量 / 年齡
成熟度: Lm 75.0, range 70 - 80 cm
Max length : 175 cm TL 雄魚/尚未辨別雌雄; (Ref. 12693); 80.8 cm TL (female); common length : 110 cm TL 雄魚/尚未辨別雌雄; (Ref. 47737); 最大體重: 5.0 kg (Ref. 132927); 最大年齡: 8 年 (Ref. 244)
Max length : 175 cm TL 雄魚/尚未辨別雌雄; (Ref. 12693); 80.8 cm TL (female); common length : 110 cm TL 雄魚/尚未辨別雌雄; (Ref. 47737); 最大體重: 5.0 kg (Ref. 132927); 最大年齡: 8 年 (Ref. 244)
簡短描述 檢索表 | 型態特徵 | 形態測量圖
背棘 (總數) : 0; 臀棘: 0. A small shark with a long, narrow, snout, big eyes without notches, long labial furrows, and oblique-cusped teeth which may be smooth-edged or weakly serrated; 2nd dorsal fin small, low and behind larger anal fin; no interdorsal ridge (Ref. 5578). Grey or grey-brown above, white below (Ref. 5578). Dorsal and anal fins with dusky or blackish edges, fins slightly darker than back (Ref. 9997).
Body shape (shape guide): fusiform / normal.
一種小的鯊魚有一個長的﹐狹窄的﹐和吻又大的眼沒有凹槽, 長的唇溝 , 與斜尖的齒那可能是邊緣平滑的或略微鋸齒狀的; 第二背鰭鰭小的, 低的而且在較大的臀鰭後面; 沒有間背脊.(參考文獻 5578) 背面灰色的或灰褐色, 腹面白色的.(參考文獻 5578) 背鰭與臀鰭有暗色或黑色的邊緣，鰭顏色略深的超過背面.(參考文獻 9997)
Body shape (shape guide): fusiform / normal.
一種小的鯊魚有一個長的﹐狹窄的﹐和吻又大的眼沒有凹槽, 長的唇溝 , 與斜尖的齒那可能是邊緣平滑的或略微鋸齒狀的; 第二背鰭鰭小的, 低的而且在較大的臀鰭後面; 沒有間背脊.(參考文獻 5578) 背面灰色的或灰褐色, 腹面白色的.(參考文獻 5578) 背鰭與臀鰭有暗色或黑色的邊緣，鰭顏色略深的超過背面.(參考文獻 9997)
Found on continental shelves, often on sandy beaches and rarely in estuaries (Ref. 244). Reported to enter freshwater and recorded several times from Cambodia as far upstream as the Great Lake (Ref. 12693). Occurs near the surface in shallow waters (Ref. 12693). Feeds mainly on small pelagic and benthic bony fishes, also cephalopods and other invertebrates (Ref. 244). Viviparous (Ref. 50449). Utilized fresh and possibly dried salted for human consumption and for fishmeal (Ref. 9997). The 178 cm specimen recorded off Africa is possibly based on some other species (Ref. 9997).
棲息於大陸棚了, 時常在沙灘上而且極少在河口.(參考文獻 244) 報告進入淡水而且記錄自來自柬埔寨的好幾次往上游遠達五大湖.(參考文獻 12693) 生活於靠近表面在淺水區中。 (參考文獻 12693) 主要吃小型大洋性魚類與底棲的硬骨魚類, 也捕食頭足類與其他的無脊椎動物。 (參考文獻 244) 胎生的.(參考文獻 50449) 生鮮使用與可能地乾燥鹽醃供人類消費與用於魚粉.(參考文獻 9997) 記錄外海的非洲 178 公分標本是可能是一些其他的種.(參考文獻 9997)
棲息於大陸棚了, 時常在沙灘上而且極少在河口.(參考文獻 244) 報告進入淡水而且記錄自來自柬埔寨的好幾次往上游遠達五大湖.(參考文獻 12693) 生活於靠近表面在淺水區中。 (參考文獻 12693) 主要吃小型大洋性魚類與底棲的硬骨魚類, 也捕食頭足類與其他的無脊椎動物。 (參考文獻 244) 胎生的.(參考文獻 50449) 生鮮使用與可能地乾燥鹽醃供人類消費與用於魚粉.(參考文獻 9997) 記錄外海的非洲 178 公分標本是可能是一些其他的種.(參考文獻 9997)
生命週期和交配行為 成熟度 | 繁殖 | 產卵場 | 卵 | 孕卵數 | 仔魚
Distinct pairing with embrace (Ref. 205). Viviparous, with a yolk-sac placenta; 2 to 8 in a litter (Ref. 9997), usually 2 to 5 after a gestation period of ~ 12 months; no seasonality in the reproductive cycle (Ref.58048). Size at birth between 25 and 39 cm.東大西洋: 馬得拉群島與茅利塔尼亞到安哥拉; 記錄自塔倫多灣了。 (參考文獻 231) 印度-西太平洋: 紅海而且東非到印尼,北至日本, 南至澳洲。
主要參考資料
上傳您的推薦信 | 參考文獻 | 合作者 : Compagno, Leonard J.V. | 合作者
Compagno, L.J.V., 1984. FAO Species Catalogue. Vol. 4. Sharks of the world. An annotated and illustrated catalogue of shark species known to date. Part 2 - Carcharhiniformes. FAO Fish. Synop. 125(4/2):251-655. Rome: FAO. (Ref. 244)
對人類具威脅
無害處的 (Ref. 244)
人類使用
漁業: 商業性; 游釣魚種: 是的
FAO - Publication: search | FishSource | 周邊海洋
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基於模型的估計
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系統發育多樣性指數 (參考文獻 82804) |
PD50 = 0.5078 [Uniqueness, from 0.5 = low to 2.0 = high]. |
| Bayesian length-weight | a=0.00347 (0.00280 - 0.00430), b=3.06 (3.02 - 3.10), in cm total length, based on LWR estimates for this species (Ref. 93245). |
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營養階層 (參考文獻 69278) |
4.3 ±0.4 se; based on diet studies. |
| Generation time | 5.5 ( na - na) years. Estimated as median ln(3)/K based on 1 growth studies. |
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回復力 (參考文獻 120179) |
非常低的, 最小族群倍增時間超過14 年 (K=0.2-0.6; Fec=1). |
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釣魚的脆弱性 (Ref. 59153) |
High vulnerability (61 of 100). 🛈 |
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價格種類 (Ref. 80766) |
Medium. |
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營養素 (Ref. 124155) |
Calcium = 16.4 [2.3, 90.2] mg/100g; Iron = 0.575 [0.146, 1.652] mg/100g; Protein = 21.2 [18.2, 23.5] %; Omega3 = 0.198 [0.082, 0.472] g/100g; Selenium = 58 [16, 171] μg/100g; VitaminA = 20.7 [7.9, 53.8] μg/100g; Zinc = 0.698 [0.324, 1.318] mg/100g (wet weight); |