Hyporthodus exsul, Tenspine grouper : fisheries

Hyporthodus exsul (Fowler, 1944)

Tenspine grouper
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Image of Hyporthodus exsul (Tenspine grouper)
Hyporthodus exsul
Juvenile Picture by Robertson, R.

Classification / Names Common names | Synonyms | Catalog of Fishes(genus, species) | ITIS | CoL | WoRMS | Cloffa

Teleostei (teleosts) > Perciformes/Serranoidei (Groupers) > Epinephelidae (Groupers)
More on author: Fowler.

Environment: milieu / climate zone / depth range / distribution range Ecology

Marine; demersal; depth range 55 - ? m (Ref. 89707). Tropical; 35°N - 5°N, 115°W - 79°W (Ref. 89707)

Distribution Territories | FAO areas | Ecosystems | Occurrences | Point map | Introductions | Faunafri

Eastern Central Pacific: Gulf of California to Panama.

Size / Weight / Age

Maturity: Lm ?  range ? - ? cm
Max length : 125 cm TL male/unsexed; (Ref. 89707)

Short description Identification keys | Morphology | Morphometrics

Dorsal spines (total): 10; Dorsal soft rays (total): 13 - 14; Anal spines: 3; Anal soft rays: 8. Distinguished by the following characteristics: adults dark brown without distinct markings; juveniles dark brown with several white spots and occasionally paler caudal fin; depth of body contained 2.3 times in SL; head length 2.2-2.3 times in SL; convex interorbital area; angular preopercle, enlarged serrae at angle and with or without few small serrae on lower edge; smooth interopercle and subopercle; posterior nostrils larger than anterior nostrils and shaped like an inverted tear drop; maxilla reaches vertical at rear edge of eye (Ref. 89707).
Body shape (shape guide): fusiform / normal; Cross section: compressed.

Biology     Glossary (e.g. epibenthic)

One juvenile examined came from a depth of 55 m. Reef-associated inhabiting depths of at least 55 m (Ref. 89707). Apparently too rare to be of commercial interest.

Life cycle and mating behavior Maturity | Reproduction | Spawning | Eggs | Fecundity | Larvae

Main reference Upload your references | References | Coordinator | Collaborators

Craig, M.T. and P.A. Hastings, 2007. A molecular phylogeny of the groupers of the subfamily Epinephelinae (Serranidae) with revised classification of the epinephelini. Ichthyol. Res. 54:1-17. (Ref. 83414)

IUCN Red List Status (Ref. 130435: Version 2025-2 (Global))

  Least Concern (LC) ; Date assessed: 01 February 2018

CITES

Not Evaluated

CMS (Ref. 116361)

Not Evaluated

Threat to humans

  Harmless





Human uses

Fisheries: subsistence fisheries
FAO - Publication: search | FishSource |

More information

Trophic ecology
Food items (preys)
Diet composition
Food consumption
Food rations
Predators
Ecology
Ecology
Population dynamics
Growth parameters
Max. ages / sizes
Length-weight rel.
Length-length rel.
Length-frequencies
Mass conversion
Recruitment
Abundance
Life cycle
Reproduction
Maturity
Maturity/Gills rel.
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Eggs
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Larvae
Larval dynamics
Distribution
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Anatomy
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Stamps, coins, misc.
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Taxonomy
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References
References

Tools

E-book | Field guide | Identification keys | Length-frequency wizard | Life-history tool | Point map | Catch-MSY |

Special reports

Check for Aquarium maintenance | Check for Species Fact Sheets | Check for Aquaculture Fact Sheets

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Summary page | Point data | Common names | Photos

Internet sources

AFORO (otoliths) | Aquatic Commons | BHL | Cloffa | Websites from users | Check FishWatcher | CISTI | Catalog of Fishes: genus, species | DiscoverLife | ECOTOX | FAO - Publication: search | Faunafri | Fishipedia | Fishtrace | GloBI | Google Books | Google Scholar | Google | IGFA World Record | OneZoom | Open Tree of Life | Otolith Atlas of Taiwan Fishes | PubMed | Reef Life Survey | Socotra Atlas | TreeBase | Tree of Life | Wikipedia: Go, Search | World Records Freshwater Fishing | Zoological Record

Estimates based on models

Phylogenetic diversity index
(Ref. 82804) 		PD50 = 0.5000 [Uniqueness, from 0.5 = low to 2.0 = high].
Bayesian length-weight a=0.01318 (0.00601 - 0.02891), b=3.04 (2.87 - 3.21), in cm total length, based on LWR estimates for this Genus-body shape (Ref. 93245).
Trophic level
(Ref. 69278) 		4.0   ±0.7 se; based on size and trophs of closest relatives
Resilience
(Ref. 120179) 		Very Low, minimum population doubling time more than 14 years (Preliminary K or Fecundity.).
Fishing Vulnerability
(Ref. 59153) 		High to very high vulnerability (72 of 100). 🛈
Price category
(Ref. 80766) 		Very high.