Ambiente: milieu / zona climática / intervalo de profundidade / gama de distribuição
Ecologia
marinhas associadas(os) a recifes; intervalo de profundidade 1 - 50 m (Ref. 5222). Tropical; 32°N - 18°N, 119°W - 102°W
Eastern Central Pacific: southwest coast of Baja California throughout the Gulf of California to Jalisco, Mexico.
Tamanho / Peso / Idade
Maturidade: Lm ?  range ? - ? cm
Max length : 86.0 cm TL macho/indeterminado; (Ref. 40637); peso máx. Publicado: 9.6 kg (Ref. 40637)
Descrição breve
Chaves de identificação | Morfologia | Morfometria
Espinhos dorsais (total) : 11; Raios dorsais moles (total) : 16 - 18; Espinhos anais: 3; Raios anais moles: 10 - 11. Distinguished by the following characteristics: greenish to greyish brown body color with small reddish brown spots and irregular pale spots and lines; fins with white margins; small portion of population exhibit xanthic pattern which is entirely bright yellow-orange, sometimes with few irregular black spots; depth of body contained 2.7-3.1 times in SL; head length 2.6-2.8 times in SL; angle of preopercle in adults with weakly-developed serrate lobe; posterior nostrils of large adults 2-3 times larger than anterior ones (Ref. 89707).
Body shape (shape guide): fusiform / normal; Cross section: oval.
Prefers rocky areas in shallow water at depths of about 50 m. Adults feed on schools of the flatiron herring, Harengula thrissina, and anchoveta, Cetengraulis mysticetus when available; if not, on other schooling fishes or non-schooling fishes. Most feed at dawn and dusk, with a peak in activity about 20 minutes after sunset. Juveniles feed throughout the day on a variety of benthic fishes and crustaceans.
Ciclo de vida e comportamento de acasalamento
Maturidade | Reprodução | Desova | Ovos | Fecundidade | Larvas
Heemstra, P.C. and J.E. Randall, 1993. FAO Species Catalogue. Vol. 16. Groupers of the world (family Serranidae, subfamily Epinephelinae). An annotated and illustrated catalogue of the grouper, rockcod, hind, coral grouper and lyretail species known to date. Rome: FAO. FAO Fish. Synop. 125(16):382 p. (Ref. 5222)
Categoria na Lista Vermelha da IUCN (Ref. 130435: Version 2025-2 (Global))
Ameaça para o homem
Harmless
Utilização humana
Pescarias: pouco comercial; peixe desportivo: sim
Ferramentas
Relatórios especiais
Descarregue XML
Fontes da internet
Estimativas baseadas em modelos
Índice de diversidade filogenética (Ref. 82804) |
PD50 = 0.5000 [Uniqueness, from 0.5 = low to 2.0 = high]. |
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Bayesian length-weight
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a=0.00912 (0.00416 - 0.02000), b=3.05 (2.88 - 3.22), in cm total length, based on LWR estimates for this Genus-body shape (Ref. 93245). |
Nível Trófico (Ref. 69278) |
4.5 ±0.80 se; based on food items. |
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Generation time |
11.9 ( na - na) years. Estimated as median ln(3)/K based on 1 growth studies. |
Resiliência (Ref. 120179) |
Baixo, tempo mínimo de duplicação da população 4,5 - 14 anos (K=0.09). |
Vulnerabilidade da pesca (Ref. 59153) |
High to very high vulnerability (67 of 100). 🛈 |
Categoria de preço (Ref. 80766) |
High.
|
Nutrientes (Ref. 124155) |
Calcium = 22.1 [13.6, 39.6] mg/100g; Iron = 0.449 [0.244, 0.783] mg/100g; Protein = 18.6 [16.8, 20.3] %; Omega3 = 0.131 [0.083, 0.208] g/100g; Selenium = 35.6 [18.8, 68.7] μg/100g; VitaminA = 137 [45, 467] μg/100g; Zinc = 0.808 [0.556, 1.143] mg/100g (wet weight); |