Miljö: miljö / Klimatzon / djupintervall / distributionsområde
Ekologi
marina; sötvatten; brackvatten bottenlevande. Tropical; 13°N - 11°S, 77°W - 35°W
Western Atlantic: Caribbean and Atlantic draining rivers and estuaries from Colombia to Brazil.
Längd vid första mognad / Storlek / Vikt / Ålder
Könsmognad: Lm 36.6  range ? - 44.7 cm
Max length : 100.0 cm TL hane/ej könsbestämd; (Ref. 3265); common length : 50.0 cm TL hane/ej könsbestämd; (Ref. 3265); publicerad maxvikt: 9.0 kg (Ref. 5217); rapporterad maxålder: 4 år (Ref. 51629)
Taggstrålar i ryggfenan (totalt) : 1. The head is more or less flattened, the nostril nearly rounded, mouth inferior. There are three pairs of barbels, 1 pair of maxillary barbel and 2 pairs of mandibular barbels.
Body shape (shape guide): elongated.
Inhabits mainly brackish estuaries and lagoons. Occurs also in freshwaters (Ref. 58022). Found on shallow muddy bottoms (Ref. 5217). Feeds on fish and shrimps. Two annual cycles of slower growth occur during the dry seasons (March and August to November). Life span is three to four years. Sexually mature at 1.5 to 2 years of age. Reproduction takes place from November to April. Consumed as food (Ref. 35381). Marketed fresh. The skull is sold throughout the world as crucifix.
Livscykel och parningsbeteende
Könsmognad | Reproduktion | Lek | Ägg | Fekunditet | Larver
Pairing involved in reproduction. Mouth brooding may be employed (Ref. 205).
Taylor, W.R. and N.A. Menezes, 1978. Ariidae. In W. Fischer (ed.) FAO species identification sheets for fishery purposes. West Atlantic (Fishing Area 31). volume 1. [pag. var.]. FAO, Rome. (Ref. 3265)
Status på IUCN:s rödlista (Ref. 130435: Version 2025-2 (Global))
Hot mot människor
Traumatogenic (Ref. 36613)
Mänskliga användningsområden
Fiskeri: kommersiell
Verktyg
Särskilda rapporter
Ladda ner XML
Internet-källor
Uppskattningar baserade på modeller
Index för fylogenetisk mångfald (Ref. 82804) |
PD50 = 0.5078 [Uniqueness, from 0.5 = low to 2.0 = high]. |
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Bayesian length-weight
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a=0.00603 (0.00368 - 0.00985), b=3.17 (3.03 - 3.31), in cm total length, based on LWR estimates for this species & (Sub)family-body (Ref. 93245). |
Trofisk nivå (Ref. 69278) |
4.4 ±0.7 se; based on diet studies. |
Resiliens (Ref. 120179) |
Hög, lägsta populationsfördubblingstid mindre än 15 månader (tm=1.5; tmax=3.5; K=0.5). |
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Rate of population increase |
Prior r = 0.98, 95% CL = 0.65 - 1.47, Based on 3 data-limited stock assessments. |
Sårbarhet i fisket (Ref. 59153) |
Moderate vulnerability (38 of 100). 🛈 |
Priskategori (Ref. 80766) |
Medium.
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Näringsämnen (Ref. 124155) |
Calcium = 98.3 [51.2, 205.4] mg/100g; Iron = 1.09 [0.68, 1.92] mg/100g; Protein = 17.3 [15.6, 19.0] %; Omega3 = 0.169 [0.095, 0.304] g/100g; Selenium = 68.5 [33.7, 141.9] μg/100g; VitaminA = 16.1 [6.8, 40.8] μg/100g; Zinc = 0.811 [0.533, 1.257] mg/100g (wet weight); |