Environnement : milieu / zone climatique / profondeur / gamme de distribution
Écologie
marin; saumâtre démersal; profondeur 1 - 43 m (Ref. 89891). Subtropical; 37°N - 9°N, 98°W - 59°W
Western Atlantic: Virginia to Texas in USA, northern Mexico, south to Trinidad and Tobago.
Taille / Poids / Âge
Maturité: Lm ?  range ? - 35 cm
Max length : 83.0 cm TL mâle / non sexé; (Ref. 40637); common length : 50.0 cm TL mâle / non sexé; (Ref. 3275); poids max. publié: 9.3 kg (Ref. 4699); âge max. reporté: 8 années (Ref. 46275)
A cryptic species that tolerates low salinities; occurs frequently in brackish bays and estuaries, even on occasion in fresh water (Ref. 9988). Minimum depth is at 0.7 meters (Ref. 128969). Adults are found mostly over mud bottoms in estuaries and coastal waters to about 40 m depth. Taken by anglers inshore from bridges, jetties and small boats. They move to deeper water in winter, but are still easily accessible (Ref. 9988). Adults feed chiefly on fishes, also on crabs and shrimps. Juveniles take mainly small bottom-living invertebrates. Marketed fresh and frozen; eaten steamed, fried, boiled, microwaved and baked (Ref. 9988).
Cycle de vie et comportement reproducteur
Maturité | Reproduction | Frai | Œufs | Fécondité | Larves
Distinct pairing (Ref. 205).
Robins, C.R. and G.C. Ray, 1986. A field guide to Atlantic coast fishes of North America. Houghton Mifflin Company, Boston, U.S.A. 354 p. (Ref. 7251)
Statut dans la liste rouge de l'IUCN (Ref. 130435: Version 2025-2 (Global))
Menace pour l'homme
Harmless
Utilisations par l'homme
Pêcheries: commercial; pêche sportive: oui
Outils
Articles particuliers
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Sources Internet
Estimations basées sur des modèles
Indice de diversité phylogénétique (Réf. 82804) |
PD50 = 0.5000 [Uniqueness, from 0.5 = low to 2.0 = high]. |
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Bayesian length-weight
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a=0.00575 (0.00371 - 0.00891), b=3.19 (3.06 - 3.32), in cm total length, based on LWR estimates for this species & Genus-body shape (Ref. 93245). |
Niveau trophique (Réf. 69278) |
3.7 ±0.48 se; based on food items. |
Résilience (Réf. 120179) |
Milieu, temps minimum de doublement de population : 1,4 à 4,4 années (K=0.21-0.23; tmax=8). |
Vulnérabilité de la pêche (Ref. 59153) |
Moderate vulnerability (44 of 100). 🛈 |
Catégorie de prix (Ref. 80766) |
Medium.
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Nutriments (Ref. 124155) |
Calcium = 59.8 [28.1, 127.9] mg/100g; Iron = 0.832 [0.414, 1.467] mg/100g; Protein = 16.8 [14.4, 20.0] %; Omega3 = 0.177 [0.092, 0.329] g/100g; Selenium = 27.5 [13.9, 60.6] μg/100g; VitaminA = 5.32 [1.60, 17.66] μg/100g; Zinc = 0.618 [0.423, 0.918] mg/100g (wet weight); |