Ambiente: milieu / zona climática / intervalo de profundidade / gama de distribuição
Ecologia
marinhas pelagic-neritic; oceanódromo (Ref. 51243); intervalo de profundidade 0 - 18 m (Ref. 2850). Temperate; 58°N - 24°N, 155°W - 111°W
Eastern Pacific: Alaska to Magdalena Bay, Baja California. Not common north of Point Conception (Ref. 11484).
Tamanho / Peso / Idade
Maturidade: Lm ?  range ? - ? cm
Max length : 145 cm FL macho/indeterminado; (Ref. 40637); peso máx. Publicado: 12.0 kg (Ref. 40637); Idade máx. registada: 12 anos (Ref. 56049)
Descrição breve
Chaves de identificação | Morfologia | Morfometria
Espinhos dorsais (total) : 6; Raios dorsais moles (total) : 9 - 10; Espinhos anais: 1; Raios anais moles: 8 - 9. Color bluish or brownish dorsally, silvery ventrally (Ref. 6885).
Body shape (shape guide): elongated.
Usually near shore or near the surface (Ref. 2850). Often in small schools (Ref. 2850). Young enter bays (Ref. 2850). Feed mainly on other fishes (Ref. 2850). Pelagic spawners (Ref. 56049). Migrate south from the California coast during autumn, but may remain in front of the Mexican coast throughout the year (Ref. 9345). Utilized fresh, dried or salted and frozen; eaten broiled and baked (Ref. 9988). Considered as potentially dangerous due to its large, sharp teeth and aggressive disposition, though there are no reports of attacks (Ref. 9988).
Pelagic spawner (Ref. 56049).
Eschmeyer, W.N., E.S. Herald and H. Hammann, 1983. A field guide to Pacific coast fishes of North America. Boston (MA, USA): Houghton Mifflin Company. xii+336 p. (Ref. 2850)
Categoria na Lista Vermelha da IUCN (Ref. 130435: Version 2025-2 (Global))
Ameaça para o homem
Traumatogenic (Ref. 13513)
Utilização humana
Pescarias: espécies comerciais; peixe desportivo: sim
Ferramentas
Relatórios especiais
Descarregue XML
Fontes da internet
Estimativas baseadas em modelos
Índice de diversidade filogenética (Ref. 82804) |
PD50 = 0.5000 [Uniqueness, from 0.5 = low to 2.0 = high]. |
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Bayesian length-weight
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a=0.00708 (0.00333 - 0.01504), b=2.92 (2.75 - 3.09), in cm total length, based on LWR estimates for this Genus-body shape (Ref. 93245). |
Nível Trófico (Ref. 69278) |
4.5 ±0.80 se; based on food items. |
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Generation time |
7.9 ( na - na) years. Estimated as median ln(3)/K based on 1 growth studies. |
Resiliência (Ref. 120179) |
Médio, tempo mínimo de duplicação da população 1,4 - 4,4 anos (K=0.14; tm=2-3; tmax=12; Fec=42,000). |
Vulnerabilidade da pesca (Ref. 59153) |
High to very high vulnerability (69 of 100). 🛈 |
Categoria de preço (Ref. 80766) |
Medium.
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