Umwelt: Milieu / Klimazone / Tiefenbereich / Verbreitungsgebiet
Ökologie
seewasser pelagic-neritic; ozeanodrom (Ref. 51243); tiefenbereich 0 - 18 m (Ref. 2850). Temperate; 58°N - 24°N, 155°W - 111°W
Eastern Pacific: Alaska to Magdalena Bay, Baja California. Not common north of Point Conception (Ref. 11484).
Größe / Gewicht / Alter
Geschlechtsreife: Lm ?  range ? - ? cm
Max length : 145 cm FL Männchen/unbestimmt; (Ref. 40637); max. veröff. Gewicht: 12.0 kg (Ref. 40637); max. veröff. Alter: 12 Jahre (Ref. 56049)
Rückenflossenstacheln (insgesamt) : 6; Rückenflossenweichstrahlen (insgesamt) : 9 - 10; Afterflossenstacheln: 1; Afterflossenweichstrahlen: 8 - 9. Color bluish or brownish dorsally, silvery ventrally (Ref. 6885).
Body shape (shape guide): elongated.
Usually near shore or near the surface (Ref. 2850). Often in small schools (Ref. 2850). Young enter bays (Ref. 2850). Feed mainly on other fishes (Ref. 2850). Pelagic spawners (Ref. 56049). Migrate south from the California coast during autumn, but may remain in front of the Mexican coast throughout the year (Ref. 9345). Utilized fresh, dried or salted and frozen; eaten broiled and baked (Ref. 9988). Considered as potentially dangerous due to its large, sharp teeth and aggressive disposition, though there are no reports of attacks (Ref. 9988).
Pelagic spawner (Ref. 56049).
Eschmeyer, W.N., E.S. Herald and H. Hammann, 1983. A field guide to Pacific coast fishes of North America. Boston (MA, USA): Houghton Mifflin Company. xii+336 p. (Ref. 2850)
IUCN Rote Liste Status (Ref. 130435: Version 2025-2 (Global))
Bedrohung für Menschen
Traumatogenic (Ref. 13513)
Nutzung durch Menschen
Fischereien: kommerziell; Sportfisch: ja
Tools
Zusatzinformationen
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Internet Quellen
Schätzungen auf der Grundlage von Modellen
Phylogenetischer Diversitätsindex (Ref. 82804) |
PD50 = 0.5000 [Uniqueness, from 0.5 = low to 2.0 = high]. |
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Bayesian length-weight
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a=0.00708 (0.00333 - 0.01504), b=2.92 (2.75 - 3.09), in cm total length, based on LWR estimates for this Genus-body shape (Ref. 93245). |
Trophische Ebene (Ref. 69278) |
4.5 ±0.80 se; based on food items. |
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Generation time |
7.9 ( na - na) years. Estimated as median ln(3)/K based on 1 growth studies. |
Widerstandsfähigkeit (Ref. 120179) |
mittel, Verdopplung der Population dauert 1,4 - 4,4 Jahre. (K=0.14; tm=2-3; tmax=12; Fec=42,000). |
Anfälligkeit der Fischerei (Ref. 59153) |
High to very high vulnerability (69 of 100). 🛈 |
Preiskategorie (Ref. 80766) |
Medium.
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