Ambiente: milieu / zona climática / intervalo de profundidade / gama de distribuição
Ecologia
marinhas associadas(os) a recifes; intervalo de profundidade ? - 100 m (Ref. 9710). Tropical; 36°N - 30°S, 32°E - 173°W
Indo-West Pacific: Red Sea and the East Africa to Palau and New Caledonia, north to Ryukyu and Ogasawara islands, Yellow Sea and east to Tonga.
Tamanho / Peso / Idade
Maturidade: Lm ?  range ? - ? cm
Max length : 120 cm FL macho/indeterminado; (Ref. 3678); common length : 90.0 cm TL macho/indeterminado; (Ref. 5450); peso máx. Publicado: 18.0 kg (Ref. 3287)
Espinhos dorsais (total) : 9; Raios dorsais moles (total) : 25 - 30; Espinhos anais: 3; Raios anais moles: 21 - 26; Vértebras: 24. This species is distinguished by having the following characters: body subovate and compressed, becoming elongate-ovate and slightly subcylindrical with age; profile of head and nape slightly angular becoming more steep with age; mouth cleft of adults distinctly below level of eye; D1 VIII, D2 I,25-30, lobe of second dorsal fin shorter than head length; A II (2 detached spines) + I, 21-26 (rarely 25 or 26); gill rakers (including rudiments) 6-8 + 17-21 = 22-27; vertebrae 10 + 14; straight part of lateral line with 18-27 scales followed by 15-21 small scutes; breast naked ventrally to distinctly behind origin of pelvic fins; breast squamation variable laterally, either separated from naked base of pectoral fins by a moderate to very narrow band of scales or naked area of breast uninterrupted to naked base of pectoral fins; colour of adults iridescent blue-green above, silvery below; with numerous small gold or brassy spots mainly on dorsal half; large adult with 3 (to 5) irregular black blotches on flanks (sometimes very indistinct or absent, the first below dorsal-fin lobe, the second at inflection point of lateral line, and the third slightly anterior to midpoint of straight part of lateral line (Ref. 9894, 90102).
Body shape (shape guide): fusiform / normal; Cross section: compressed.
Adults prefer rocky and coral reef areas, but also found on offshore banks (Ref. 30573). They occur singly or in small to large schools (Ref. 9710, 48635, 90102). They feed on small invertebrates and fishes (Ref. 5213).
Ciclo de vida e comportamento de acasalamento
Maturidade | Reprodução | Desova | Ovos | Fecundidade | Larvas
Paxton, J.R., D.F. Hoese, G.R. Allen and J.E. Hanley, 1989. Pisces. Petromyzontidae to Carangidae. Zoological Catalogue of Australia, Vol. 7. Australian Government Publishing Service, Canberra, 665 p. (Ref. 7300)
Categoria na Lista Vermelha da IUCN (Ref. 130435: Version 2025-2 (Global))
Ameaça para o homem
Harmless
Utilização humana
Pescarias: espécies comerciais; peixe desportivo: sim
Ferramentas
Relatórios especiais
Descarregue XML
Fontes da internet
Estimativas baseadas em modelos
Índice de diversidade filogenética (Ref. 82804) |
PD50 = 0.6250 [Uniqueness, from 0.5 = low to 2.0 = high]. |
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Bayesian length-weight
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a=0.01413 (0.00938 - 0.02128), b=2.92 (2.80 - 3.04), in cm total length, based on LWR estimates for this species & (Sub)family-body (Ref. 93245). |
Nível Trófico (Ref. 69278) |
4.4 ±0.5 se; based on diet studies. |
Resiliência (Ref. 120179) |
Baixo, tempo mínimo de duplicação da população 4,5 - 14 anos (Preliminary K or Fecundity.). |
Vulnerabilidade da pesca (Ref. 59153) |
High to very high vulnerability (66 of 100). 🛈 |
Vulnerabilidade climática (Ref. 125649) |
Very high vulnerability (89 of 100). 🛈 |
Categoria de preço (Ref. 80766) |
Medium.
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Nutrientes (Ref. 124155) |
Calcium = 17.5 [10.9, 34.7] mg/100g; Iron = 0.933 [0.428, 1.823] mg/100g; Protein = 20.4 [17.8, 22.5] %; Omega3 = 0.158 [0.094, 0.266] g/100g; Selenium = 12.9 [6.3, 25.2] μg/100g; VitaminA = 42.1 [7.5, 259.0] μg/100g; Zinc = 0.536 [0.287, 1.204] mg/100g (wet weight); based on nutrient studies. |