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Eupercaria/misc (Various families in series Eupercaria) >
Sciaenidae (Drums or croakers)
Etymology: Cynoscion: Greek, kyon = dog + Greek, odous = teeth + Greek, skion, skiaina = barbel, red mullet (Ref. 45335).
More on author: Lacepède.
Environnement : milieu / zone climatique / profondeur / gamme de distribution
Écologie
marin; eau douce; saumâtre démersal; océanodrome (Ref. 51243); profondeur 1 - 20 m (Ref. 3702). Subtropical; 13°N - 40°S, 80°W - 34°W
Western Atlantic: Panama to Argentina; Southwest Atlantic: Sergipe, Brazil (Ref. 118626).
Longueur à la première maturité / Taille / Poids / Âge
Maturité: Lm 42.7  range ? - ? cm
Max length : 110 cm TL mâle / non sexé; (Ref. 40637); common length : 45.0 cm TL mâle / non sexé; (Ref. 3702); poids max. publié: 17.0 kg (Ref. 40637)
Épines dorsales (Total) : 11; Rayons mous dorsaux (Total) : 17 - 22; Épines anales: 2; Rayons mous anaux: 7 - 9. Body nearly uniform silvery, dark greenish above. Without conspicuous spots on side but with diffuse dark areas along base of dorsal fin and on margin of spinous dorsal fin, ventral side of head, lower margin of pectoral, pelvic, and caudal fins often yellowish orange. Inside of opercle dusky. Mouth large, oblique. Lower jaw slightly projecting. Upper jaw with a pair of large canine-like teeth at tip. Lower jaw with a row of enlarged inner-row teeth, gradually increasing in size posteriorly. Chin without barbels or pores. Snout with 2 marginal pores. Pectoral fins about equal in length to pelvic fins. Gas bladder with a pair of long, straight, horn-like appendages. Sagitta earstone thin and elongate. Soft portion of dorsal fin unscaled except 2 or 3 rows of small scales along its base (Ref 51271).
Body shape (shape guide): fusiform / normal.
Forms schools (Ref. 35237). Found over mud or sandy mud bottoms near mouths of rivers. Juveniles are restricted to brackish and fresh waters. Feeds on shrimps and fishes. Important food fish (Ref. 3702).
Cycle de vie et comportement reproducteur
Maturité | Reproduction | Frai | Œufs | Fécondité | Larves
Chao, L.N., 1978. Sciaenidae. In W. Fischer (ed.) FAO species identification sheets for fishery purposes. West Atlantic (Fishing Area 31). Volume 4. FAO, Rome. (Ref. 3702)
Statut dans la liste rouge de l'IUCN (Ref. 130435: Version 2025-2 (Global))
Menace pour l'homme
Harmless
Utilisations par l'homme
Pêcheries: commercial; pêche sportive: oui; Aquarium: Commercial
Outils
Articles particuliers
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Sources Internet
Estimations basées sur des modèles
Indice de diversité phylogénétique (Réf. 82804) |
PD50 = 0.5000 [Uniqueness, from 0.5 = low to 2.0 = high]. |
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Bayesian length-weight
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a=0.00759 (0.00489 - 0.01177), b=3.06 (2.94 - 3.18), in cm total length, based on LWR estimates for this species & Genus-body shape (Ref. 93245). |
Niveau trophique (Réf. 69278) |
4.1 ±0.70 se; based on food items. |
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Generation time |
4.1 ( na - na) years. Estimated as median ln(3)/K based on 1 growth studies. |
Résilience (Réf. 120179) |
Milieu, temps minimum de doublement de population : 1,4 à 4,4 années (K=0.27). |
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Rate of population increase |
Prior r = 0.56, 95% CL = 0.37 - 0.84, Based on 3 data-limited stock assessments. |
Vulnérabilité de la pêche (Ref. 59153) |
Moderate to high vulnerability (45 of 100). 🛈 |
Catégorie de prix (Ref. 80766) |
Medium.
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Nutriments (Ref. 124155) |
Calcium = 51.9 [30.0, 101.1] mg/100g; Iron = 0.842 [0.438, 1.547] mg/100g; Protein = 19.5 [18.0, 21.2] %; Omega3 = 0.291 [0.169, 0.485] g/100g; Selenium = 22.7 [11.9, 48.1] μg/100g; VitaminA = 7.48 [2.48, 25.80] μg/100g; Zinc = 0.614 [0.445, 0.913] mg/100g (wet weight); based on nutrient studies. |