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| Native range | All suitable habitat | Point map | Year 2050 |
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| This map was computer-generated and has not yet been reviewed. |
| Umbrina cirrosa AquaMaps Data sources: GBIF OBIS |
分類 / 名稱 俗名 | 同種異名 | Catalog of Fishes(屬, 種) | ITIS | CoL | WoRMS | Cloffa
Teleostei > Eupercaria/misc (Various families in series Eupercaria) 鱸形目 (Various families in series Eupercaria) > Sciaenidae (Drums or croakers) 石首魚科 (Drums or croakers)
Etymology: Umbrina: Latin, umbra, -ae = shadow, in the sense of phantom; due to its quick movements (Ref. 45335).
More on author: Linnaeus.
Etymology: Umbrina: Latin, umbra, -ae = shadow, in the sense of phantom; due to its quick movements (Ref. 45335).
More on author: Linnaeus.
環境： 環境 / 氣候帶 / 深度上下限 / 配送範圍 生態學
海洋 居於水底的; 深度上下限 0 - 100 m (Ref. 3593). 亞熱帶的; 50°N - 30°N, 18°W - 42°E
分布 領土 | FAO區域 | 生態系 | 發現紀錄 | 分布圖 | 簡介 | Faunafri
Eastern Atlantic: Bay of Biscay and Gibraltar to southern Morocco, including the Mediterranean, Black Sea and Sea of Azov. Records south of Morocco have not been supported with descriptions.
東大西洋: 比斯開灣與直布羅陀到摩洛哥南部, 包括地中海，黑海與亞速海。 摩洛哥記錄南方不與描述一起支撐。
東大西洋: 比斯開灣與直布羅陀到摩洛哥南部, 包括地中海，黑海與亞速海。 摩洛哥記錄南方不與描述一起支撐。
大小 / 重量 / 年齡
成熟度: Lm ? range ? - ? cm
Max length : 104 cm TL 雄魚/尚未辨別雌雄; (Ref. 128540); common length : 40.0 cm TL 雄魚/尚未辨別雌雄; (Ref. 3593); 最大體重: 11.1 kg (Ref. 128540); 最大年齡: 18 年 (Ref. 128540)
Max length : 104 cm TL 雄魚/尚未辨別雌雄; (Ref. 128540); common length : 40.0 cm TL 雄魚/尚未辨別雌雄; (Ref. 3593); 最大體重: 11.1 kg (Ref. 128540); 最大年齡: 18 年 (Ref. 128540)
簡短描述 檢索表 | 型態特徵 | 形態測量圖
背的軟條 (總數) : 22 - 23.
Body shape (shape guide): fusiform / normal.
Body shape (shape guide): fusiform / normal.
Found over rocky and sandy bottoms in coastal waters. Juveniles enter estuaries. Feed on bottom invertebrates.
在沿岸水域中發現在岩質與砂質底部上了。 稚魚進入河口。 吃底棲無脊椎動物。
在沿岸水域中發現在岩質與砂質底部上了。 稚魚進入河口。 吃底棲無脊椎動物。
生命週期和交配行為 成熟度 | 繁殖 | 產卵場 | 卵 | 孕卵數 | 仔魚
Group synchronous oocytes. A multiple-batch spawner (Ref. 109248).東大西洋: 比斯開灣與直布羅陀到摩洛哥南部, 包括地中海，黑海與亞速海。 摩洛哥記錄南方不與描述一起支撐。
主要參考資料
上傳您的推薦信 | 參考文獻 | 合作者 | 合作者
Chao, L.N. and E. Trewavas, 1990. Sciaenidae. p. 813-826. In J.C. Quero, J.C. Hureau, C. Karrer, A. Post and L. Saldanha (eds.) Check-list of the fishes the eastern tropical Atlantic (CLOFETA). JNICT, Lisbon; SEI, Paris; and UNESCO, Paris. Vol. 2. (Ref. 3593)
CITES
Not Evaluated
對人類具威脅
無害處的
人類使用
漁業: 低經濟; 養殖: 實驗的; 游釣魚種: 是的
FAO - 水產養殖系統: production search漁業: landings search; Publication: search | FishSource | 周邊海洋
更多資訊
工具
特別的報告
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網路資源
AFORO (otoliths) | Aquatic Commons | BHL | Cloffa | Websites from users | 檢查 FishWatcher | CISTI | Catalog of Fishes: 屬, 種 | DiscoverLife | DORIS | ECOTOX | FAO - 水產養殖系統: production search漁業: landings search; Publication: search | Faunafri | Fishipedia | Fishtrace | GloBI | Google Books | Google Scholar | Google | IGFA World Record | 國家資料庫 | OneZoom | Open Tree of Life | Otolith Atlas of Taiwan Fishes | 公眾的水族館 | PubMed | Reef Life Survey | Socotra Atlas | TreeBase | 樹狀分類階層 | Wikipedia: 去, 搜尋 | World Records Freshwater Fishing | 動物學的記錄
基於模型的估計
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系統發育多樣性指數 (參考文獻 82804) |
PD50 = 0.5000 [Uniqueness, from 0.5 = low to 2.0 = high]. |
| Bayesian length-weight | a=0.00891 (0.00601 - 0.01322), b=3.05 (2.94 - 3.16), in cm total length, based on LWR estimates for this species & Genus-body shape (Ref. 93245). |
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營養階層 (參考文獻 69278) |
3.4 ±0.46 se; based on food items. |
| Generation time | 3.9 ( na - na) years. Estimated as median ln(3)/K based on 1 growth studies. |
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回復力 (參考文獻 120179) |
中等的, 族群倍增時間最少 1.4 - 4.4年 (K=0.28). |
| Rate of population increase | Prior r = 0.99, 95% CL = 0.65 - 1.48, Based on 2 data-limited stock assessments. |
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釣魚的脆弱性 (Ref. 59153) |
Moderate vulnerability (43 of 100). 🛈 |
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氣候脆弱性 (Ref. 125649) |
High to very high vulnerability (70 of 100). 🛈 |
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價格種類 (Ref. 80766) |
Very high. |
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營養素 (Ref. 124155) |
Calcium = 61.4 [34.6, 122.1] mg/100g; Iron = 0.961 [0.488, 1.669] mg/100g; Protein = 19.6 [18.5, 20.7] %; Omega3 = 0.309 [0.181, 0.482] g/100g; Selenium = 31.9 [17.8, 61.5] μg/100g; VitaminA = 8.8 [3.0, 27.9] μg/100g; Zinc = 0.66 [0.48, 0.95] mg/100g (wet weight); |