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| Native range | All suitable habitat | Point map | Year 2050 |
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| This map was computer-generated and has not yet been reviewed. |
| Mobula munkiana AquaMaps Data sources: GBIF OBIS |
![Image of Mobula munkiana (Munk\](/images/thumbnails/jpg/tn_Momun_u0.jpg "Image of Mobula munkiana (Munk\")
分类 / 名称 俗名 | 同种异名 | Catalog of Fishes(属, 种) | ITIS | CoL | WoRMS | Cloffa
Elasmobranchii 板鳃亚纲 (鲨鱼与 鱼) (sharks and rays) > Myliobatiformes (Stingrays) > Mobulidae (Devilrays)
Eponymy: Walter Heinrich Munk (1917–2019) was an Austrian-born American oceanographer. [...] (Ref. 128868), visit book page.
Eponymy: Walter Heinrich Munk (1917–2019) was an Austrian-born American oceanographer. [...] (Ref. 128868), visit book page.
环境：氛围 / 气候带 / 深度上下限 / 分布范围 生态学
海洋 pelagic-oceanic; 海洋洄游的 (Ref. 51243); 深度上下限 0 - 15 m (Ref. 58018). 熱帶; 32°N - 7°S, 114°W - 77°W (Ref. 114953)
分布 领土 | FAO区域 | 生态系 | 标本纪录 | 分布图 | 简介 | Faunafri
Eastern Pacific: From Gulf of California to Peru, incl. the Galapagos Is. (Ref. 130539).
東太平洋: 加州灣，厄瓜多, 與加拉巴哥群島。
東太平洋: 加州灣，厄瓜多, 與加拉巴哥群島。
大小 / 重量 / 年龄
成熟度: Lm ? range ? - ? cm
Max length : 220 cm WD 雄鱼/尚未辨别雌雄; (Ref. 28023); common length : 100.0 cm WD 雄鱼/尚未辨别雌雄; (Ref. 9256)
Max length : 220 cm WD 雄鱼/尚未辨别雌雄; (Ref. 28023); common length : 100.0 cm WD 雄鱼/尚未辨别雌雄; (Ref. 9256)
Pelagic species forming schools in coastal and oceanic waters, but also found near the bottom. Found singly, in small groups, or in schools (Ref. 12951). Feeds mainly on planktonic crustaceans, but also takes small schooling fishes (Ref. 12951). Ovoviviparous (Ref. 50449). Gestation period unknown (Ref. 114953).
形成群体的大洋性鱼种在海岸的与大洋性水域, 也在底部的附近发现。 各别地发现, 形成小群鱼群, 否则成群.(参考文献 12951) 主要吃浮游性甲壳动物, 也捕食小的群游性鱼.(参考文献 12951) 卵胎生的.(参考文献 50449)
形成群体的大洋性鱼种在海岸的与大洋性水域, 也在底部的附近发现。 各别地发现, 形成小群鱼群, 否则成群.(参考文献 12951) 主要吃浮游性甲壳动物, 也捕食小的群游性鱼.(参考文献 12951) 卵胎生的.(参考文献 50449)
生命周期和交配行为 成熟度 | 繁殖 | 产卵场 | 卵 | 孕卵数 | 仔鱼
Exhibit ovoviparity (aplacental viviparity), with embryos feeding initially on yolk, then receiving additional nourishment from the mother by indirect absorption of uterine fluid enriched with mucus, fat or protein through specialised structures (Ref. 50449).東太平洋: 加州灣，厄瓜多, 與加拉巴哥群島。
主要参考文献
上传您的参考资料 | 参考文献 | 合作者 | 合作者
McEachran, J.D. and G. Notarbartolo di Sciara, 1995. Mobulidae. Mantas, diablos. p. 759-764. In W. Fischer, F. Krupp, W. Schneider, C. Sommer, K.E. Carpenter and V. Niem (eds.) Guia FAO para Identification de Especies para los Fines de la Pesca. Pacifico Centro-Oriental. 3 Vols. FAO, Rome. (Ref. 9256)
世界自然保护联盟红皮书 (Ref. 130435: Version 2025-2 (Global))
易受伤害 (VU) (A2d+3d); Date assessed: 09 November 2018
对人类的威胁
无害处的
人类利用
渔业: 商业性
FAO - Publication: search | FishSource |
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基于模型的估算
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系统发育多样性指数 (参考文献 82804) |
PD50 = 0.5020 [Uniqueness, from 0.5 = low to 2.0 = high]. |
| Bayesian length-weight | a=0.01000 (0.00244 - 0.04107), b=3.04 (2.81 - 3.27), in cm total length, based on all LWR estimates for this body shape (Ref. 93245). |
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营养阶层 (参考文献 69278) |
3.8 ±0.60 se; based on food items. |
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回复力 (参考文献 120179) |
低的, 最小族群倍增时间4.5 - 14 年 (Fec assumed to be <100). |
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渔业脆弱性 (Ref. 59153) |
Very high vulnerability (79 of 100). 🛈 |
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价格分类 (Ref. 80766) |
Medium. |