Pleuronectes platessa Linnaeus, 1758
European plaice
個人による観察記録の追加 Fish Watcher
| Native range | All suitable habitat | Point map | Year 2050 |
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| This map was computer-generated and has not yet been reviewed. |
| Pleuronectes platessa AquaMaps Data sources: GBIF OBIS |
アップロード 写真 そして ビデオ
画像 | ビデオ | 切手、コイン、その他 | グーグルの画像
Pleuronectes platessa
画像によって Greenfield, J.
画像 | ビデオ | 切手、コイン、その他 | グーグルの画像
画像によって Greenfield, J.
分類 / 名前 共通名の | 類義語 | Catalog of Fishes(部類, 種) | ITIS | CoL | WoRMS | Cloffa
> Pleuronectiformes (Flatfishes) > Pleuronectidae (Righteye flounders) > Pleuronectinae
Etymology: Pleuronectes: Greek, pleura = side, ribe + Greek, nekton = swimmer (Ref. 45335).
More on author: Linnaeus.
Etymology: Pleuronectes: Greek, pleura = side, ribe + Greek, nekton = swimmer (Ref. 45335).
More on author: Linnaeus.
環境：環境 / 気候帯 / 深さの範囲 / 分布範囲 生態学
海; 汽水性の 底生の; 海洋回遊性 (Ref. 92087); 深さの範囲 0 - 200 m (Ref. 35388), usually 10 - 50 m (Ref. 35388). Temperate; 2°C - 15°C (Ref. 5504); 72°N - 36°N, 47°W - 45°E
分布 領土 | 国連食糧農業機関の区域 | エコシステム | 事件 | 目的のマップ | 導入 | Faunafri
Northern Sea. Reports from the Mediterranean Sea appear to be misidentifications of
P. flesus. It may have been present in some areas of the Mediterranean in the past, as a result of climatic changes related to the ice age, but at present times seem to be absent (Ref. 89040).
初回成熟時の長さ / サイズ / 重さ / 年齢
成熟: Lm 32.7, range 24 - 42 cm
Max length : 100.0 cm SL オス/雌雄の選別がない; (Ref. 4705); common length : 40.0 cm TL オス/雌雄の選別がない; (Ref. 3397); 最大公表体重: 7.0 kg (Ref. 173); 最大記録サイズ: 50 年 (Ref. 173)
Max length : 100.0 cm SL オス/雌雄の選別がない; (Ref. 4705); common length : 40.0 cm TL オス/雌雄の選別がない; (Ref. 3397); 最大公表体重: 7.0 kg (Ref. 173); 最大記録サイズ: 50 年 (Ref. 173)
簡単な記述 検索表 | 形態学 | 形態計測学
背面の脊椎 (合計) : 0; 背鰭 (合計) : 65 - 79; 肛門の骨: 0; 臀鰭: 48 - 59. Smooth with small scales. Bony ridge behind the eyes. Upper side brown or greenish brown with irregularly distributed bright red or orange spots. The underside is white. Lateral line straight, slightly curved above pectoral fin. Dorsal fin reaching eye. More than 30 vertebrae.
Body shape (shape guide): short and / or deep; Cross section: compressed.
Body shape (shape guide): short and / or deep; Cross section: compressed.
Adults live on mixed bottoms, the older the deeper the occurrence; small individuals are usually seen on bathing beaches (Ref. 9988). Occurs on mud and sand bottom from a few meters down to about 100 m, at sea, estuaries and rarely entering freshwaters (Ref. 59043). Reported as resident intertidal species with homing behavior (Ref. 32612). Feed mainly on thin-shelled mollusks and polychaetes. Batch spawner (Ref. 51846). The most important flatfish for fisheries in Europe. Utilized fresh and frozen; eaten steamed, fried, boiled, microwaved and baked (Ref. 9988). Active at night in the very shallow water while day time is spent buried in the sand. Stationary for long periods, tagging experiments have shown that their spawning migrations can be long. Changes in the environmental conditions have been disadvantageous. Populations in Kattegat and Danish belts decreased in 1980's and early 1990's due to discharge of nutritive salts. Wadden sea is still an excellent nursery ground (Ref.35388).
ライフサイクルと交尾行動 成熟 | 繁殖 | 放精 | 卵 | 生産力 | 幼生
Adult spawn when the temperature is around 6 °C (Ref. 4705).
主な参考文献
参考文献のアップロード | 参考文献 | コーディネーター : Amaoka, Kunio | 協力者
Vinnikov, K.A., R.C. Thomson and T.A. Munroe, 2018. Revised classification of the righteye flounders (Teleostei: Pleuronectidae) based on multilocus phylogeny with complete taxon sampling. Molecular phylogenetics and evolution, 125:147-162. (Ref. 122998)
CITES
Not Evaluated
人間に対する脅威
Harmless
人間の用途
水産業: 高い商業の; 水産養殖: 商業; ゲームフィッシュ: はい; 水族館・水槽: 公共の水族館
FAO - 水産業: 種の外形, landings search; Publication: search | FIRMS - Stock assessments | FishSource | 私達の周りの海
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インターネットの情報源
AFORO (otoliths) | Aquatic Commons | BHL | Cloffa | Websites from users | Check FishWatcher | CISTI | Catalog of Fishes: 部類, 種 | DiscoverLife | DORIS | ECOTOX | FAO - 水産業: 種の外形, landings search; Publication: search | Faunafri | Fishipedia | Fishtrace | GloBI | Google Books | Google Scholar | Google | IGFA World Record | 国のデーターベース | OneZoom | Open Tree of Life | OsteoBase: skull, spine | Otolith Atlas of Taiwan Fishes | 公共の水族館 | PubMed | Reef Life Survey | Socotra Atlas | TreeBase | 生命の木 | Wikipedia: 行く, 検索する | World Records Freshwater Fishing | Zoobank | 動物に関する記録
モデルに基づく推定値
|
系統多様性指数 (参照 82804) |
PD50 = 0.7500 [Uniqueness, from 0.5 = low to 2.0 = high]. |
| Bayesian length-weight | a=0.00776 (0.00687 - 0.00878), b=3.07 (3.03 - 3.11), in cm total length, based on LWR estimates for this species (Ref. 93245). |
|
栄養段階 (参照 69278) |
3.2 ±0.3 se; based on diet studies. |
| Generation time | 9.2 (7.1 - 11.6) years. Estimated as median ln(3)/K based on 17 growth studies. |
|
回復力 (参照 120179) |
手段, １．４年～４．４年の倍増期間の最小個体群 (K=0.06-0.34; tm=2-6; tmax=30; Fec=50,000). |
| Rate of population increase | Prior r = 0.50, 95% CL = 0.33 - 0.75, Based on 28 full stock assessments. |
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漁業の脆弱性 (Ref. 59153) |
High to very high vulnerability (71 of 100). 🛈 |
|
気候脆弱性 (Ref. 125649) |
Moderate vulnerability (43 of 100). 🛈 |
|
価格帯 (Ref. 80766) |
Medium. |
|
栄養素 (Ref. 124155) |
Calcium = 25.4 [8.2, 51.7] mg/100g; Iron = 0.202 [0.084, 0.542] mg/100g; Protein = 17.3 [15.3, 19.8] %; Omega3 = 0.249 [0.118, 0.544] g/100g; Selenium = 29.6 [10.5, 80.9] μg/100g; VitaminA = 6.73 [1.77, 26.29] μg/100g; Zinc = 0.475 [0.263, 0.968] mg/100g (wet weight); based on nutrient studies. |