Oreochromis aureus, Blue tilapia : fisheries, aquaculture, gamefish, aquarium, bait

Oreochromis aureus (Steindachner, 1864)

Blue tilapia
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Oreochromis aureus
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Classificazione / Nomi Nomi Comuni | Sinonimi | Catalog of Fishes(Genere, Specie) | ITIS | CoL | WoRMS | Cloffa

> Cichliformes (Cichlids, convict blennies) > Cichlidae (Cichlids) > Pseudocrenilabrinae
Etymology: Oreochromis: Latin, aurum = gold + Greek, chromis = a fish, perhaps a perch (Ref. 45335).
More on author: Steindachner.

Ambiente: milieu / zona climatica / distribuzione batimetrica / gamma di distribuzione Ecologia

; acqua dolce; salmastro benthopelagico; potamodromo (Ref. 126106); distribuzione batimetrica 5 - ? m. Tropical; 8°C - 30°C (Ref. 2); 35°N - 10°N

Distribuzione Territories | Aree FAO | Ecosistemi | Presenze | Mappa dei ritrovamenti | Introduzioni | Faunafri

Africa and Eurasia: Jordan Valley, Lower Nile, Chad Basin, Benue, middle and upper Niger, Senegal River (Ref. 21). Introduced in the oasis of Azraq (Jordan) as well as in warm water ponds of USA, South and Central America and South East Asia. At least one country reports adverse ecological impact after introduction.

Lunghezza alla prima maturità / Dimensione / Peso / Età

Maturità: Lm 19.0, range 13 - 20 cm
Max length : 45.7 cm TL maschio/sesso non determinato; (Ref. 40637); common length : 16.0 cm TL maschio/sesso non determinato; (Ref. 12193); peso massimo pubblicato: 2.0 kg (Ref. 40637)

Breve descrizione Chiavi di identificazione | Morfologia | Morfometria

Spine dorsali (totale) : 14 - 17; Raggi dorsali molli (totale) : 11 - 15; Spine anali: 3; Raggi anali molli: 8 - 11; Vertebre: 28 - 31. Diagnosis: Adults: narrow preorbital bone (depth max. 21.5% of head length in fishes up to 21.3cm SL); lower pharyngeal jaw with short blade; no enlargement of the jaws in mature fish (lower jaw not exceeding and usually less than 36.8% head length) (Ref. 2). Caudal without regular dark vertical stripes (Ref. 2, 53405, 54467), but with a broad pink to bright red distal margin (Ref. 2). Breeding males assume an intense bright metallic blue on the head, a vermilion edge to the dorsal fin and a more intense pink on the caudal margin (Ref. 2, 54467). Breeding females with the edges of dorsal and caudal fins in a paler more orange color (Ref. 2). Juveniles: upper line of head profile running upward from snout at sharp angle; lower pharyngeal bone nearly triangular, teeth numerous but not densely crowded; dorsal and anal fin striped, with stripes running obliquely on the soft dorsal and longitudinally on the caudal fin; black Tilapia-mark on soft dorsal present; body dark; lower lip developed from beneath (Ref. 54566).
Body shape (shape guide): fusiform / normal.

Biologia     Glossario (es. epibenthic)

Cold tolerant (Ref. 23, 61, 55352), occuring at temperatures ranging from 8°-30°C (Ref. 2), tolerating up to 41 °C (Ref. 23). Adults can tolerate fairly brackish conditions (Ref. 3, 23, 61, 2001, 6465, 54362). They form schools; is sometimes territorial; inhabits warm ponds and impoundments as well as lakes and streams (Ref. 5723, 11028), in open water as well as among stones and vegetation (Ref. 11028). They feed on phytoplankton and small quantities of zooplankton (Ref. 3, 61, 6465, 52307). Young fish have a more varied diet which includes large quantities of copepods and cladocerans (Ref. 2, 61, 6465), but they also take pieces of small invertebrates (Ref. 52307). Ovophilic, agamous (Ref. 52307), maternal mouthbrooder (Ref. 364, 52307). Sexual maturity in ponds reached at age of 5-6 months (Ref. 55352). Reproduction takes place in both fresh and brackish water (Ref. 61, 5723). Good taste (Ref. 61).

Ciclo vitale e comportamento di accoppiamento Maturità | Riproduzione | Deposizione | Uova | Fecondità | Larve

Nesting usually in shallow water weedy areas (Ref. 96). Males establish territory and dig a spawning pit (Ref. 2, 6465, 54601), using mouth and fins (Ref. 2), up to 60cm deep and 4-6m in diameter; a number of territories can often be found clustered together (Ref. 52307). Territories are defended by means of agressive behaviour (Ref. 6465), including lateral display, lateral biting and mouth-to-mouth combat (Ref. 2). Reproduction is stimulated by long photoperiods and inhibited by short daylengths (Ref. 54365). Reproduction requires a minimum temperature of about 20°C (Ref. 2). Males visit schools of females and attempt to attract a female spawning partner (Ref. 2, 52307). Courting behaviour in the nest consists of lateral display by both sexes with nipping and tail-flapping (Ref. 2). Eggs are deposited in single clutches, from several dozen to 100 eggs (Ref. 52307), and are taken into the females mouth as soon as they are fertilized (Ref. 2, 6465, 52307), with a peak spawning frequency around the 9-11th hour of light (Ref. 31140, 54365). One female may hold up to 2000 eggs in her mouth (Ref. 2). The female swims away to deeper water with the brood after spawning is complete (Ref. 2, 52307), while the male renews spawning activities with another female. Hatching occurs about 3 days after oviposition (Ref. 2). Incubation time varies with temperature, 13-14 days at 25-27°C (Ref. 2, 52307) or 8-10 days at 29°C (Ref. 144), and juveniles leave the mother's mouth when they are about 1.1cm in length (Ref. 54601). The young school near parent's head for a few days, reentering the mouth at any sign of danger or at a gesture of the female; parent-offspring relationship ceases after 5 days (Ref. 2).

Riferimento principale Caricare le referenze | Bibliografia | Coordinatore : Kullander, Sven O. | Collaboratori

Trewavas, E., 1983. Tilapiine fishes of the genera Sarotherodon, Oreochromis and Danakilia. British Mus. Nat. Hist., London, UK. 583 p. (Ref. 2)

Stato della Lista Rossa IUCN (Ref. 130435: Version 2025-2 (Global))

Not Evaluated 

CITES

Not Evaluated

CMS (Ref. 116361)

Not Evaluated

Minaccia per l'uomo

  Potential pest (Ref. 6465)





Usi umani

Pesca: elevato interesse commerciale; Acquacoltura: commerciale; Pesce da pesca sportiva: si; Acquario: Commerciale; esca: usually
FAO - Sistemi di acquacoltura: production searchpesca: landings search; Publication: search | FishSource |

Informazioni ulteriori

Ecologia trofica
Articoli alimentari (prede)
Alimentazione
Consumo di cibo
Razioni alimentari
Predatori
Ecologia
Ecologia
Dinamica della popolazione
Parametri di crescita
Età massima / dimensioni massime
Rapporto lunghezza-peso.
Lunghezza-lunghezza rel.
Lunghezza-frequenze
Conversione di massa
Reclutamento
Abbondanza
Ciclo di vita
Riproduzione
Maturità
Maturità/Gli occhielli sono relativi.
Fecondità
Deposizione
Aggregazioni riproduttive
Uova
Sviluppo delle uova
Larve
Dinamica popolazioni larvali
Distribuzione
Territories
Aree FAO
Ecosistemi
Presenze
Introduzioni
BRUVS - Video
Anatomia
Area branchiale
Cervello
Otolite
Fisiologia
Composizione corporea
Nutrienti
Consumo di ossigeno
Tipo di nuoto
Velocità di nuoto
Pigmenti visivi
Suono del pesce
Malattie e parassiti
Tossicità (LC50)
Genetica
Genome
Genetica
Eterozigosi
Ereditarietà
Diversità genetica
Legato all'uomo
Sistemi di acquacoltura
Profili di acquacoltura
Varietà
Casi di Ciguatera
Francobolli, monete, materiale vario.
Raggiungimento
Collaboratori
Tassonomia
Nomi Comuni
Sinonimi
Morfologia
Morfometria
Immagini
Bibliografia
Bibliografia

Strumenti

Libro elettronico | Giuda pratica | Chiavi di identificazione | Generatore frequenze di lunghezza | Strumento Parametri Biologici | Mappa dei ritrovamenti | Cattura-MSY |

Rapporti speciali

Controllo della manutenzione dell'acquario | Verificare la presenza di schede informative sulle specie | Verifica delle schede informative sull'acquacoltura

Scarica XML

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Fonti Internet

AFORO (otoliths) | Alien/Invasive Species database | Aquatic Commons | BHL | Cloffa | Websites from users | Check FishWatcher | CISTI | Catalog of Fishes: Genere, Specie | DiscoverLife | ECOTOX | FAO - Sistemi di acquacoltura: production searchpesca: landings search; Publication: search | Faunafri | Fishipedia | Fishtrace | GloBI | Google Books | Google Scholar | Google | IGFA World Record | Database Nazionali | OneZoom | Open Tree of Life | Otolith Atlas of Taiwan Fishes | PubMed | Reef Life Survey | Socotra Atlas | TreeBase | Tree of Life | Wikipedia: Go, ricerca | World Records Freshwater Fishing | Record zoologico

Stime basate su modelli

Indice di diversità filogenetica
(Fonte Biblio. 82804) 		PD50 = 0.5000 [Uniqueness, from 0.5 = low to 2.0 = high].
Bayesian length-weight a=0.01738 (0.01359 - 0.02221), b=2.99 (2.95 - 3.03), in cm total length, based on LWR estimates for this species (Ref. 93245).
Livello trofico
(Fonte Biblio. 69278) 		2.1   ±0.0 se; based on diet studies.
Generation time 2.2 (0.3 - 4.4) years. Estimated as median ln(3)/K based on 10 growth studies.
Resilienza
(Fonte Biblio. 120179) 		Alto, tempo minimo di raddoppiamento della popolazione meno di 15 mesi (K=0.48-0.58; tm<1).
Vulnerabilità della pesca
(Ref. 59153) 		Low to moderate vulnerability (26 of 100). 🛈
Categoria di prezzo
(Ref. 80766) 		Unknown.
Nutrienti
(Ref. 124155) 		Calcium = 20.5 [7.9, 95.6] mg/100g; Iron = 1.09 [0.53, 2.43] mg/100g; Protein = 17.9 [16.4, 19.7] %; Omega3 = 0.216 [0.110, 0.456] g/100g; Selenium = 59.4 [31.1, 114.4] μg/100g; VitaminA = 8.08 [1.98, 29.17] μg/100g; Zinc = 1.68 [0.99, 3.97] mg/100g (wet weight);