Oreochromis shiranus, Shire tilapia : fisheries, aquaculture, aquarium

Oreochromis shiranus Boulenger, 1897

Shire tilapia
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Oreochromis shiranus
Male Photo von Loiselle, P.V.

Klassifizierung / Names Namen | Synonyme | Catalog of Fishes(Gattung, Arten) | ITIS | CoL | WoRMS | Cloffa

> Cichliformes (Cichlids, convict blennies) > Cichlidae (Cichlids) > Pseudocrenilabrinae
Etymology: Oreochromis: Latin, aurum = gold + Greek, chromis = a fish, perhaps a perch (Ref. 45335).
More on author: Boulenger.

Umwelt: Milieu / Klimazone / Tiefenbereich / Verbreitungsgebiet Ökologie

; süßwasser; brackwasser benthopelagisch. Tropical; 23°C - 42°C (Ref. 670); 13°S - 17°S

Verbreitung Territorien | FAO Gebiete | Ökosysteme | Vorkommen | Punkt Karte | Einführungen | Faunafri

Africa: Two subspecies are recognized: Oreochromis shiranus shiranus from Shiré River above the Murchison rapids and Lake Malawi, together with their tributaries in Tanzania, Malawi and Mozambique (Ref. 5166, 118630); Oreochromis shiranus chilwae from Lake Chilwa and its basin in Malawi and Mozambique (Ref. 5166, 118638).

Länge bei der ersten Reifung / Größe / Gewicht / Alter

Geschlechtsreife: Lm 13.5, range 17 - ? cm
Max length : 39.0 cm SL Männchen/unbestimmt; (Ref. 21)

Kurzbeschreibung Bestimmungsschlüssel | Morphologie | Morphometrie

Rückenflossenstacheln (insgesamt) : 15 - 18; Rückenflossenweichstrahlen (insgesamt) : 10 - 13; Afterflossenstacheln: 3 - 5; Afterflossenweichstrahlen: 9 - 11; Wirbelzahl: 29 - 30. Diagnosis: A large, deep-bodied species with 4, rarely 3 or 5, anal fin spines (Ref. 118638). Females and immatures from the Lake Malawi catchment have a dark olive-coloured body, yellow-gold below; other populations, such as those from Lakes Chilwa and Chiuta and the Ruvuma system show a more silvery colour; unusually for Oreochromis, the horizontal stripes are often more prominent than the vertical bars; adult males develop very large jaws and a concave head profile, they are black, with red margins to the dorsal and caudal fins (Ref. 118638). Underwater or in aquaria, males show numerous white spots on the upper half of the flanks, but these fade quickly under stress, so that they appear uniformly black when removed from the water (Ref. 118638).
Body shape (shape guide): fusiform / normal; Cross section: compressed.

Biologie     Fachlexikon (Englisch) (z.B. epibenthic)

Found in very shallow waters around Lake Malawi that are densely vegetated, but also in lagoons (Ref. 5595). It can occur at temperatures ranging from 23.0-42.0 °C (Ref. 670). It feeds on detritus and phytoplankton (Ref. 5595). A maternal mouthbrooder (Ref. 118638). A large species heavily exploited in Lake Nyasa [= Lake Malawi] and its catchment; males in particular are fast-growing and the species is cultured commercially in Malawi in cages and ponds (Ref. 118638).

Lebenszyklus und Paarungsverhalten Geschlechtsreife | Fortpflanzung | Ablaichen | Eier | Fruchtbarkeit | Larven

A maternal mouthbrooder (Ref. 118638). Builds basin-shaped nests in shallow water from 0.15 m to 1.5 m deep, in sand overlaid with mud, in the vicinity of rooted aquatic vegetation; females brood eggs and young in the mouth until the young reach a length of about 10 mm (Ref. 670).

Hauptreferenz Laden Sie Ihre Referenzen hoch | Referenzen | Koordinator : Kullander, Sven O. | Partner

Trewavas, E. and G.G. Teugels, 1991. Oreochromis. p. 307-346. In J. Daget, J.-P. Gosse, G.G. Teugels and D.F.E. Thys van den Audenaerde (eds.) Checklist of the freshwater fishes of Africa (CLOFFA). ISNB, Brussels; MRAC, Tervuren; and ORSTOM, Paris. Vol. 4. (Ref. 5166)

IUCN Rote Liste Status (Ref. 130435: Version 2025-2 (Global))

  nicht bedroht (LC) ; Date assessed: 23 May 2018

CITES

Not Evaluated

CMS (Ref. 116361)

Not Evaluated

Bedrohung für Menschen

  Harmless





Nutzung durch Menschen

Fischereien: kommerziell; Aquakultur: kommerziell; Aquarium: Kommerziell
FAO - Publication: search | FishSource |

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Schätzungen auf der Grundlage von Modellen

Phylogenetischer Diversitätsindex
(Ref. 82804)
PD50 = 0.5000 [Uniqueness, from 0.5 = low to 2.0 = high].
Bayesian length-weight a=0.01230 (0.00735 - 0.02058), b=2.99 (2.85 - 3.13), in cm total length, based on LWR estimates for this species & Genus-body shape (Ref. 93245).
Trophische Ebene
(Ref. 69278)
2.0   ±0.00 se; based on food items.
Widerstandsfähigkeit
(Ref. 120179)
mittel, Verdopplung der Population dauert 1,4 - 4,4 Jahre. (K=0.27-0.32).
Anfälligkeit der Fischerei
(Ref. 59153)
Low to moderate vulnerability (27 of 100). 🛈
Preiskategorie
(Ref. 80766)
Unknown.
Nährstoffe
(Ref. 124155)
Calcium = 23.3 [8.7, 108.4] mg/100g; Iron = 1.17 [0.57, 2.60] mg/100g; Protein = 17.9 [16.3, 19.6] %; Omega3 = 0.216 [0.110, 0.458] g/100g; Selenium = 60 [31, 117] μg/100g; VitaminA = 8.08 [1.97, 29.53] μg/100g; Zinc = 1.86 [1.09, 4.32] mg/100g (wet weight);