Epinephelus guttatus (Linnaeus, 1758)
Red hind
分類 / 名前 共通名の | 類義語 | Catalog of Fishes(部類, 種) | ITIS | CoL | WoRMS | Cloffa
> Perciformes/Serranoidei (Groupers) > Epinephelidae (Groupers)
Etymology: Epinephelus: Greek, epinephelos = cloudy (Ref. 45335).
More on author: Linnaeus.
Etymology: Epinephelus: Greek, epinephelos = cloudy (Ref. 45335).
More on author: Linnaeus.
環境：環境 / 気候帯 / 深さの範囲 / 分布範囲 生態学
海 関連する礁; 海洋回遊性 (Ref. 51243); 深さの範囲 1 - 100 m (Ref. 89707). Tropical; 36°N - 8°N, 98°W - 58°W (Ref. 5222)
分布 領土 | 国連食糧農業機関の区域 | エコシステム | 事件 | 目的のマップ | 導入 | Faunafri
Western Atlantic: North Carolina, USA to Paraíba, Brazil (Ref. 57756). The most common species of Epinephelus in the West Indies.
初回成熟時の長さ / サイズ / 重さ / 年齢
成熟: Lm 25.0 range ? - ? cm
Max length : 76.0 cm TL オス/雌雄の選別がない; (Ref. 5222); common length : 40.0 cm TL オス/雌雄の選別がない; (Ref. 5217); 最大公表体重: 25.0 kg (Ref. 5217); 最大記録サイズ: 22 年 (Ref. 31471)
Max length : 76.0 cm TL オス/雌雄の選別がない; (Ref. 5222); common length : 40.0 cm TL オス/雌雄の選別がない; (Ref. 5217); 最大公表体重: 25.0 kg (Ref. 5217); 最大記録サイズ: 22 年 (Ref. 31471)
簡単な記述 検索表 | 形態学 | 形態計測学
背面の脊椎 (合計) : 11; 背鰭 (合計) : 15 - 16; 肛門の骨: 3; 臀鰭: 8. Scales cycloid except for a ctenoid patch of variable size in the pectoral region. Greenish gray to light brown on the back grading to white ventrally, with numerous well-spaced dull orange-red to brown spots on the head, body and fins. Five faint diagonal bars formed by darker spots on the sides. No saddle-shaped blotch on caudal peduncle or along base of dorsal fin (Ref. 26938); further characterized by having body depth contained 2.7-3.1 times in standard length; head length 2.3-2.4 times in standard length; evenly serrate preopercle, without salient angle; posterior nostril larger than anterior nostril (Ref. 89707).
Body shape (shape guide): fusiform / normal; Cross section: oval.
Body shape (shape guide): fusiform / normal; Cross section: oval.
Found in shallow reefs and rocky bottoms, occurring down to depths of at least 100 meters (Ref. 89707). Usually solitary and territorial. Feed mainly on crabs (Calapa and Mithrax) and other crustaceans (alpheid shrimps and scyllarid lobsters), fishes (labrids and haemulids), and octopus. Some undergo sexual inversion at 28 cm TL; most fish larger than 40 cm are males. Important in terms of numbers caught and total weight of landings in the Caribbean.
Easily approached by divers (Ref. 9710). Hermaphrodite species. Excellent food fish (Ref. 26938). Readily caught on hook and line and easily speared (Ref. 13442).
ライフサイクルと交尾行動 成熟 | 繁殖 | 放精 | 卵 | 生産力 | 幼生
Females rest on or close to the bottom, while males patrol around an area that consists of 1 to 5 females and defend this territory from other males. Form aggregation and reproduce almost exclusively within the aggregation period (Ref. 8557).
主な参考文献
参考文献のアップロード | 参考文献 | コーディネーター | 協力者
Heemstra, P.C. and J.E. Randall, 1993. FAO Species Catalogue. Vol. 16. Groupers of the world (family Serranidae, subfamily Epinephelinae). An annotated and illustrated catalogue of the grouper, rockcod, hind, coral grouper and lyretail species known to date. Rome: FAO. FAO Fish. Synop. 125(16):382 p. (Ref. 5222)
CITES
Not Evaluated
人間に対する脅威
Reports of ciguatera poisoning (Ref. 31172)
人間の用途
水産業: 高い商業の; ゲームフィッシュ: はい
FAO - 水産業: landings search; Publication: search | FishSource | 私達の周りの海
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インターネットの情報源
AFORO (otoliths) | Alien/Invasive Species database | Aquatic Commons | BHL | Cloffa | Websites from users | Check FishWatcher | CISTI | Catalog of Fishes: 部類, 種 | DiscoverLife | ECOTOX | FAO - 水産業: landings search; Publication: search | Faunafri | Fishipedia | Fishtrace | GloBI | GoMexSI (interaction data) | Google Books | Google Scholar | Google | IGFA World Record | 国のデーターベース | OneZoom | Open Tree of Life | Otolith Atlas of Taiwan Fishes | 公共の水族館 | PubMed | Reef Life Survey | Socotra Atlas | TreeBase | 生命の木 | Wikipedia: 行く, 検索する | World Records Freshwater Fishing | 動物に関する記録
モデルに基づく推定値
|
系統多様性指数 (参照 82804) |
PD50 = 0.5000 [Uniqueness, from 0.5 = low to 2.0 = high]. |
| Bayesian length-weight | a=0.01148 (0.01015 - 0.01299), b=3.04 (3.02 - 3.06), in cm total length, based on LWR estimates for this species (Ref. 93245). |
|
栄養段階 (参照 69278) |
3.8 ±0.3 se; based on diet studies. |
|
回復力 (参照 120179) |
手段, １．４年～４．４年の倍増期間の最小個体群 (K=0.12-0.24; tm=3; tmax=17; Fec=96,000). |
| Rate of population increase | Prior r = 0.43, 95% CL = 0.28 - 0.64, Based on 2 data-limited stock assessments. |
|
漁業の脆弱性 (Ref. 59153) |
Moderate to high vulnerability (52 of 100). 🛈 |
|
気候脆弱性 (Ref. 125649) |
Very high vulnerability (88 of 100). 🛈 |
|
価格帯 (Ref. 80766) |
High. |
|
栄養素 (Ref. 124155) |
Calcium = 21 [10, 46] mg/100g; Iron = 0.452 [0.243, 0.903] mg/100g; Protein = 18.5 [17.0, 19.9] %; Omega3 = 0.126 [0.078, 0.201] g/100g; Selenium = 47.2 [27.8, 83.6] μg/100g; VitaminA = 141 [40, 485] μg/100g; Zinc = 1.15 [0.81, 1.60] mg/100g (wet weight); |