Epinephelus guttatus, Red hind : fisheries, gamefish

Epinephelus guttatus (Linnaeus, 1758)

Red hind
Ladda upp din foton och Videor
Bilder | Videor | Ljud | Frimärken, mynt, diverse. | Google image
Image of Epinephelus guttatus (Red hind)
Epinephelus guttatus
Bild av Bryan, D.

Klassificering / Namn Populärnamn | synonymer | Catalog of Fishes(Släkte, Arter) | ITIS | CoL | WoRMS | Cloffa

> Perciformes/Serranoidei (Groupers) > Epinephelidae (Groupers)
Etymology: Epinephelus: Greek, epinephelos = cloudy (Ref. 45335).
More on author: Linnaeus.

Miljö: miljö / Klimatzon / djupintervall / distributionsområde Ekologi

marina revassocierade; havsvandrande (Ref. 51243); djupintervall 1 - 100 m (Ref. 89707). Tropical; 36°N - 8°N, 98°W - 58°W (Ref. 5222)

Utbredning Territorier | FAO områden | Ekosystem | Förekomster | Prickkarta | Utplanteringar | Faunafri

Western Atlantic: North Carolina, USA to Paraíba, Brazil (Ref. 57756). The most common species of Epinephelus in the West Indies.

Längd vid första mognad / Storlek / Vikt / Ålder

Könsmognad: Lm 25.0  range ? - ? cm
Max length : 76.0 cm TL hane/ej könsbestämd; (Ref. 5222); common length : 40.0 cm TL hane/ej könsbestämd; (Ref. 5217); publicerad maxvikt: 25.0 kg (Ref. 5217); rapporterad maxålder: 22 år (Ref. 31471)

Kort beskrivning Bestämningsnycklar | Morfologi | Morfometri

Taggstrålar i ryggfenan (totalt) : 11; Mjukstrålar i ryggfenan (totalt) : 15 - 16; Taggstrålar i analfenan: 3; Mjukstrålar i analfenan: 8. Scales cycloid except for a ctenoid patch of variable size in the pectoral region. Greenish gray to light brown on the back grading to white ventrally, with numerous well-spaced dull orange-red to brown spots on the head, body and fins. Five faint diagonal bars formed by darker spots on the sides. No saddle-shaped blotch on caudal peduncle or along base of dorsal fin (Ref. 26938); further characterized by having body depth contained 2.7-3.1 times in standard length; head length 2.3-2.4 times in standard length; evenly serrate preopercle, without salient angle; posterior nostril larger than anterior nostril (Ref. 89707).
Body shape (shape guide): fusiform / normal; Cross section: oval.

Biologi     Ordlista (t.ex. epibenthic)

Found in shallow reefs and rocky bottoms, occurring down to depths of at least 100 meters (Ref. 89707). Usually solitary and territorial. Feed mainly on crabs (Calapa and Mithrax) and other crustaceans (alpheid shrimps and scyllarid lobsters), fishes (labrids and haemulids), and octopus. Some undergo sexual inversion at 28 cm TL; most fish larger than 40 cm are males. Important in terms of numbers caught and total weight of landings in the Caribbean. Easily approached by divers (Ref. 9710). Hermaphrodite species. Excellent food fish (Ref. 26938). Readily caught on hook and line and easily speared (Ref. 13442).

Livscykel och parningsbeteende Könsmognad | Reproduktion | Lek | Ägg | Fekunditet | Larver

Females rest on or close to the bottom, while males patrol around an area that consists of 1 to 5 females and defend this territory from other males. Form aggregation and reproduce almost exclusively within the aggregation period (Ref. 8557).

Huvudreferens Ladda upp dina referenser | referenser | Koordinator | Medarbetare

Heemstra, P.C. and J.E. Randall, 1993. FAO Species Catalogue. Vol. 16. Groupers of the world (family Serranidae, subfamily Epinephelinae). An annotated and illustrated catalogue of the grouper, rockcod, hind, coral grouper and lyretail species known to date. Rome: FAO. FAO Fish. Synop. 125(16):382 p. (Ref. 5222)

Status på IUCN:s rödlista (Ref. 130435: Version 2025-2 (Global))

  Least Concern (LC) ; Date assessed: 22 November 2016

CITES

Not Evaluated

CMS (Ref. 116361)

Not Evaluated

Hot mot människor

  Reports of ciguatera poisoning (Ref. 31172)





Mänskliga användningsområden

Fiskeri: kommersiellt viktig; sportfisk: ja
FAO - fiskeri: landings search; Publication: search | FishSource | Havet omkring oss

Ytterligare information

Livscykel
Reproduktion
Könsmognad
Mognad/Gills rel.
Fekunditet
Lek
Lekande aggregat
Ägg
Utveckling av ägg
Larver
Larvdynamik
Utbredning
Territorier
FAO områden
Ekosystem
Förekomster
Utplanteringar
BRUVS - Videor
Anatomi
Gälyta
Hjärna
Otolit
Fysiologi
Kroppssammansättning
Näringsämnen
Syreförbrukning
Typ av simning
Simhastighet
Visuella pigment
Ljud från fisk
Sjukdomar & Parasiter
Toxicitet (LC50)
Genetik
Genom
Genetik
Heterozygositet
Ärftlighet
Genetisk mångfald
Människorelaterad
Vattenbrukssystem
Vattenbruksprofiler
Avelslinjer
Ciguatera-fall
Frimärken, mynt, diverse.
Uppsökande verksamhet
Medarbetare
referenser
referenser

Verktyg

Särskilda rapporter

Ladda ner XML

Internet-källor

Uppskattningar baserade på modeller

Index för fylogenetisk mångfald
(Ref. 82804)
PD50 = 0.5000 [Uniqueness, from 0.5 = low to 2.0 = high].
Bayesian length-weight a=0.01148 (0.01015 - 0.01299), b=3.04 (3.02 - 3.06), in cm total length, based on LWR estimates for this species (Ref. 93245).
Trofisk nivå
(Ref. 69278)
3.8   ±0.3 se; based on diet studies.
Resiliens
(Ref. 120179)
Mellan, lägsta populationsfördubblingstid 1,4-4,4 år (K=0.12-0.24; tm=3; tmax=17; Fec=96,000).
Rate of population increase Prior r = 0.43, 95% CL = 0.28 - 0.64, Based on 2 data-limited stock assessments.
Sårbarhet i fisket
(Ref. 59153)
Moderate to high vulnerability (52 of 100). 🛈
Sårbarhet för klimatet
(Ref. 125649)
Very high vulnerability (88 of 100). 🛈
Priskategori
(Ref. 80766)
High.
Näringsämnen
(Ref. 124155)
Calcium = 21 [10, 46] mg/100g; Iron = 0.452 [0.243, 0.903] mg/100g; Protein = 18.5 [17.0, 19.9] %; Omega3 = 0.126 [0.078, 0.201] g/100g; Selenium = 47.2 [27.8, 83.6] μg/100g; VitaminA = 141 [40, 485] μg/100g; Zinc = 1.15 [0.81, 1.60] mg/100g (wet weight);