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Clupeiformes (Herrings) >
Dorosomatidae (Gizzard shads and sardinellas)
Etymology: Escualosa: Latin, squaleus, squalidus = with rough skin + Latin, alausa = a fish cited by Ausonius and Latin, halec = pickle, dealing with the Greek word hals = salt; it is also the old Saxon name for shad = "alli" ; 1591 (Ref. 45335).
More on author: Valenciennes.
Περιβάλλον: περιβάλλον / κλιματική ζώνη / εύρος βάθους / εύρος διανομής
Οικολογία
Θαλασσινό(ά); Γλυκού νερού; Υφάλμυρο pelagic-neritic; αμφίδρομο (Ref. 51243); εύρος βάθους 0 - 50 m (Ref. 188). Tropical; 27°N - 22°S, 64°E - 151°E (Ref. 188)
Indo-West Pacific: northern Indian Ocean (Karachi eastward to Rangoon) to Thailand, Indonesia (Java Sea), the Philippines, Papua New Guinea, and Australia.
Μήκος κατά την πρώτη ωρίμανση / Μέγεθος / Βάρος / Ηλικία
Γεννητική Ωρίμανση: Lm ?, range 7 - ? cm
Max length : 10.0 cm SL αρσενικό/απροσδιόριστο; (Ref. 188); common length : 8.0 cm SL αρσενικό/απροσδιόριστο; (Ref. 188); μεγ. αναφερόμενη ηλικία: 1.00 έτη (Ref. 43081)
Ραχιαίες άκανθες (συνολικά) : 0; Μαλακές ραχιαίες ακτίνες (συνολικά) : 13 - 21; Εδρικές άκανθες: 0; Μαλακές εδρικές ακτίνες: 14 - 19. Belly strongly keeled. The almost rectangular second supra-maxilla and the bright silver stripe along the flank distinguish it from juveniles of Sardinella, Amblygaster and Herklotsichthys. Resembles some pellonulines with a silver stripe, but they lack a first supra-maxilla. Distinguished from E. elongata of the Gulf of Thailand but its deeper body and broader silver stripe.
Body shape (shape guide): fusiform / normal; Cross section: compressed.
Forms schools in shallow waters, the juveniles apparently entering the lower parts of rivers, but returning later to the sea. Feeds on both zooplankton (copepods, crab zoea, larvae of bivalves and fish eggs) and phytoplankton. Breeds from October to February (mainly November to January) off western coast of India, usually in relatively shallow inshore waters. Marketed fresh and dried-salted.
Semelparous.
Whitehead, P.J.P., 1985. FAO Species Catalogue. Vol. 7. Clupeoid fishes of the world (suborder Clupeoidei). An annotated and illustrated catalogue of the herrings, sardines, pilchards, sprats, shads, anchovies and wolf-herrings. FAO Fish. Synop. 125(7/1):1-303. Rome: FAO. (Ref. 188)
Κατάσταση Κόκκινου Καταλόγου IUCN (Ref. 130435: Version 2025-2 (Global))
Απειλή για τον άνθρωπο
Harmless
Ανθρώπινες χρήσεις
αλιεία: Εμπορικό(ά)
Εργαλεία
Ειδικές εκθέσεις
Λήψη XML
Διαδικτυακές πηγές
Εκτιμήσεις βάσει μοντέλων
Δείκτης φυλογενετικής ποικιλότητας (Αναφ. 82804) |
PD50 = 0.7500 [Uniqueness, from 0.5 = low to 2.0 = high]. |
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Bayesian length-weight
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a=0.00851 (0.00744 - 0.00973), b=3.06 (3.02 - 3.10), in cm total length, based on LWR estimates for this species (Ref. 93245). |
Τροφικό Επίπεδο (Αναφ. 69278) |
3.2 ±0.1 se; based on diet studies. |
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Generation time |
0.6 ( na - na) years. Estimated as median ln(3)/K based on 2 growth studies. |
Ελαστικότητα (Αναφ. 120179) |
Υψηλό, ελάχιστος χρόνος για διπλασιασμό πληθυσμού < 15 μήνες (K=1.82; Fec=7,720; tmax=1). |
Ευπάθεια στην αλιεία (Ref. 59153) |
Low vulnerability (10 of 100). 🛈 |
Κατηγορία τιμής (Ref. 80766) |
Low.
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Θρεπτικά συστατικά (Ref. 124155) |
Calcium = 479 [229, 1,053] mg/100g; Iron = 3.32 [1.94, 5.79] mg/100g; Protein = 18.8 [17.7, 19.9] %; Omega3 = 0.471 [0.232, 0.956] g/100g; Selenium = 49 [22, 104] μg/100g; VitaminA = 23.9 [9.6, 55.9] μg/100g; Zinc = 2.6 [1.7, 4.0] mg/100g (wet weight); |