Gilchristella aestuaria (Gilchrist, 1913)
Gilchrist's round herring
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| Native range | All suitable habitat | Point map | Year 2050 |
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| This map was computer-generated and has not yet been reviewed. |
| Gilchristella aestuaria AquaMaps Data sources: GBIF OBIS |
![Image of Gilchristella aestuaria (Gilchrist\](/images/thumbnails/gif/tn_Giaes_u1.gif "Image of Gilchristella aestuaria (Gilchrist\")
分類 / 名稱 俗名 | 同種異名 | Catalog of Fishes(屬, 種) | ITIS | CoL | WoRMS | Cloffa
Teleostei > Clupeiformes (Herrings) > Ehiravidae (River sprats)
Etymology: Gilchristella: Because of John Gilchrist, father of the South African ichthyology; Cape Town, 1925.
Eponymy: Dr John Dow Fisher Gilchrist (1866–1926) was a Scottish-born South African ichthyologist and naturalist. [...] Dr John Dow Fisher Gilchrist (1866–1926) was a Scottish-born South African ichthyologist and naturalist. [...] (Ref. 128868), visit book page.
Etymology: Gilchristella: Because of John Gilchrist, father of the South African ichthyology; Cape Town, 1925.
Eponymy: Dr John Dow Fisher Gilchrist (1866–1926) was a Scottish-born South African ichthyologist and naturalist. [...] Dr John Dow Fisher Gilchrist (1866–1926) was a Scottish-born South African ichthyologist and naturalist. [...] (Ref. 128868), visit book page.
環境： 環境 / 氣候帶 / 深度上下限 / 配送範圍 生態學
海洋; 淡水; 半鹹淡水 pelagic-neritic; 非產卵性溯降河的. 亞熱帶的; 25°S - 36°S, 17°E - 34°E (Ref. 188)
分布 領土 | FAO區域 | 生態系 | 發現紀錄 | 分布圖 | 簡介 | Faunafri
Africa: Lake Piti, Mozambique, along south and east coasts of South Africa to Saldanha Bay (Ref. 188, 3509), and as far north as the Olifants River on the west coast (Ref. 7248), possibly to mouth of Orange River (Ref. 188, 3259). Also reported from Madagascar (Ref. 3509, 13333), but its presence is not confirmed; it is probably based on confusion with Sauvagella madagascariensis, while Gilchristella aestuaria does not occur in Madagascar (Ref. 33664). Reported occurrence in India (Ref. 32693) is of dubious validity (Ref. 33664). Currently a single species, but at least two forms, possibly different species, are known (Ref. 52193).
非洲: 莫三比克的披悌湖沿著非洲南部岸邊到沙丹那灣，可能橘河口。 (但是可能被有另一個未描述的種混淆) 在印度 (參考文獻 32693) 的發現記錄需要確認。 (參考文獻 33664) 在馬達加斯加水域 (參考文獻 13333) 的發生的報告是錯誤。 (參考文獻 33664)
非洲: 莫三比克的披悌湖沿著非洲南部岸邊到沙丹那灣，可能橘河口。 (但是可能被有另一個未描述的種混淆) 在印度 (參考文獻 32693) 的發現記錄需要確認。 (參考文獻 33664) 在馬達加斯加水域 (參考文獻 13333) 的發生的報告是錯誤。 (參考文獻 33664)
初熟時的長度 / 大小 / 重量 / 年齡
簡短描述 檢索表 | 型態特徵 | 形態測量圖
背棘 (總數) : 0; 背的軟條 (總數) : 14 - 15; 臀棘: 0; 臀鰭軟條: 20. Diagnosis: Body rather compressed, belly rounded, with 6 to 9 thin unkeeled pre-pelvic scutes followed by an equally thin pelvic scute, all with slender ascending arms; no post-pelvic scutes; snout pointed, lower jaw a little prominent, with a single row of fine teeth in each jaw; posterior supra-maxilla paddle-shaped; gillrakers 39 to 76, gillrakers small but present on posterior face of third epibranchial; pelvic fin with i-7 finrays, under or a little before dorsal fin origin (Ref. 188). Resembles Spratelloides species or juvenile Etrumeus and Dussumieria, but pre-pelvic scutes present; other clupeids occuring in same area have keeled pre-pelvic and post-pelvic scutes (Ref. 188).
Body shape (shape guide): fusiform / normal; Cross section: oval.
6 到 9個不隆起的前腹鰭鱗甲,跟隨著一個同樣細的腹鰭鱗甲了, 全部有細長的上手臂; 沒有在腹鰭之後的鱗甲。 吻端尖的, 下頜稍微突出, 在每個頜中具有一個單列的細齒; 第二個上顎骨槳狀的。 鰓耙小的但是位於第三個上鰓骨的後面之上.(比較不存在於 南亞多棱圓鯡〔Ehirava fluviatilis〕 )
Body shape (shape guide): fusiform / normal; Cross section: oval.
6 到 9個不隆起的前腹鰭鱗甲,跟隨著一個同樣細的腹鰭鱗甲了, 全部有細長的上手臂; 沒有在腹鰭之後的鱗甲。 吻端尖的, 下頜稍微突出, 在每個頜中具有一個單列的細齒; 第二個上顎骨槳狀的。 鰓耙小的但是位於第三個上鰓骨的後面之上.(比較不存在於 南亞多棱圓鯡〔Ehirava fluviatilis〕 )
Occurs in the sea, but found mostly in estuaries; also found in landlocked brackish and freshwater lagoons (Ref. 93596), also rivers and lakes (Ref. 188). Maximum size 10 cm (Ref. 4967). Entire life cycle is completed in the estuary (Ref. 32693). Breeds throughout the year with a peak in spring and early summer (Ref. 7248, 52193). Maturity may be attained within the first or second year and an age of up to 5 or 6 years is recorded (Ref. 7248, 52193). Feeds chiefly on zooplankton by filtering or selecting individual organisms from the water column (Ref. 7248, 52193). It can tolerate salinities under 4 ppt and of up to 52.6 ppt (Ref. 32693). Utilized fresh or dried and salted (Ref. 12484).
主要地在河口與潟湖中生存, 也發現於湖與河。 整個的生命周期在河口被完成。 (參考文獻 32693) 能容忍在 4 下面的鹽度 ppt 與向上到 52.6個 ppt.(參考文獻 32693) 全年繁殖在春天與初夏具有一個高峰。 第一個或第二年與超過 5 或 6 年被記錄可能達到成熟在。 主要捕食浮游動物被過濾或淘選個別的生物從水中.(參考文獻 7248) 生鮮使用或乾燥與鹽醃的.(參考文獻 12484)
主要地在河口與潟湖中生存, 也發現於湖與河。 整個的生命周期在河口被完成。 (參考文獻 32693) 能容忍在 4 下面的鹽度 ppt 與向上到 52.6個 ppt.(參考文獻 32693) 全年繁殖在春天與初夏具有一個高峰。 第一個或第二年與超過 5 或 6 年被記錄可能達到成熟在。 主要捕食浮游動物被過濾或淘選個別的生物從水中.(參考文獻 7248) 生鮮使用或乾燥與鹽醃的.(參考文獻 12484)
生命週期和交配行為 成熟度 | 繁殖 | 產卵場 | 卵 | 孕卵數 | 仔魚
A semelparous species that grows to maturity and spawns in one year (Ref. 34361).非洲: 莫三比克的披悌湖沿著非洲南部岸邊到沙丹那灣，可能橘河口。 (但是可能被有另一個未描述的種混淆) 在印度 (參考文獻 32693) 的發現記錄需要確認。 (參考文獻 33664) 在馬達加斯加水域 (參考文獻 13333) 的發生的報告是錯誤。 (參考文獻 33664)
主要參考資料
上傳您的推薦信 | 參考文獻 | 合作者 | 合作者
Skelton, P.H., 1993. A complete guide to the freshwater fishes of southern Africa. Southern Book Publishers. 388 p. (Ref. 7248)
CITES
Not Evaluated
對人類具威脅
無害處的
人類使用
漁業: 自給性漁業; 誘餌: usually
FAO - Publication: search | FishSource |
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網路資源
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基於模型的估計
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系統發育多樣性指數 (參考文獻 82804) |
PD50 = 1.0000 [Uniqueness, from 0.5 = low to 2.0 = high]. |
| Bayesian length-weight | a=0.00955 (0.00472 - 0.01931), b=3.06 (2.88 - 3.24), in cm total length, based on LWR estimates for this species & (Sub)family-body (Ref. 93245). |
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營養階層 (參考文獻 69278) |
3.1 ±0.3 se; based on size and trophs of closest relatives |
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回復力 (參考文獻 120179) |
高度, 族群倍增時間少於 15個月 (tm=0.5). |
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釣魚的脆弱性 (Ref. 59153) |
Low to moderate vulnerability (28 of 100). 🛈 |
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價格種類 (Ref. 80766) |
Low. |