Gilchristella aestuaria (Gilchrist, 1913)
Gilchrist's round herring
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| Native range | All suitable habitat | Point map | Year 2050 |
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| This map was computer-generated and has not yet been reviewed. |
| Gilchristella aestuaria AquaMaps Data sources: GBIF OBIS |
![Image of Gilchristella aestuaria (Gilchrist\](/images/thumbnails/gif/tn_Giaes_u1.gif "Image of Gilchristella aestuaria (Gilchrist\")
分类 / 名称 俗名 | 同种异名 | Catalog of Fishes(属, 种) | ITIS | CoL | WoRMS | Cloffa
Teleostei > Clupeiformes (Herrings) > Ehiravidae (River sprats)
Etymology: Gilchristella: Because of John Gilchrist, father of the South African ichthyology; Cape Town, 1925.
Eponymy: Dr John Dow Fisher Gilchrist (1866–1926) was a Scottish-born South African ichthyologist and naturalist. [...] Dr John Dow Fisher Gilchrist (1866–1926) was a Scottish-born South African ichthyologist and naturalist. [...] (Ref. 128868), visit book page.
Etymology: Gilchristella: Because of John Gilchrist, father of the South African ichthyology; Cape Town, 1925.
Eponymy: Dr John Dow Fisher Gilchrist (1866–1926) was a Scottish-born South African ichthyologist and naturalist. [...] Dr John Dow Fisher Gilchrist (1866–1926) was a Scottish-born South African ichthyologist and naturalist. [...] (Ref. 128868), visit book page.
环境：氛围 / 气候带 / 深度上下限 / 分布范围 生态学
海洋; 淡水; 半咸淡水 pelagic-neritic; 非产卵性溯降河的. 亞熱帶的; 25°S - 36°S, 17°E - 34°E (Ref. 188)
分布 领土 | FAO区域 | 生态系 | 标本纪录 | 分布图 | 简介 | Faunafri
Africa: Lake Piti, Mozambique, along south and east coasts of South Africa to Saldanha Bay (Ref. 188, 3509), and as far north as the Olifants River on the west coast (Ref. 7248), possibly to mouth of Orange River (Ref. 188, 3259). Also reported from Madagascar (Ref. 3509, 13333), but its presence is not confirmed; it is probably based on confusion with Sauvagella madagascariensis, while Gilchristella aestuaria does not occur in Madagascar (Ref. 33664). Reported occurrence in India (Ref. 32693) is of dubious validity (Ref. 33664). Currently a single species, but at least two forms, possibly different species, are known (Ref. 52193).
非洲: 莫三比克的披悌湖沿著非洲南部岸邊到沙丹那灣，可能橘河口。 (但是可能被有另一個未描述的種混淆) 在印度 (參考文獻 32693) 的發現記錄需要確認。 (參考文獻 33664) 在馬達加斯加水域 (參考文獻 13333) 的發生的報告是錯誤。 (參考文獻 33664)
非洲: 莫三比克的披悌湖沿著非洲南部岸邊到沙丹那灣，可能橘河口。 (但是可能被有另一個未描述的種混淆) 在印度 (參考文獻 32693) 的發現記錄需要確認。 (參考文獻 33664) 在馬達加斯加水域 (參考文獻 13333) 的發生的報告是錯誤。 (參考文獻 33664)
首次成熟时的长度 / 大小 / 重量 / 年龄
简单描述 检索表 | 型态特徵 | 形态测量图
背棘 (总数) : 0; 背的软条 (总数) : 14 - 15; 臀棘: 0; 臀鳍软条: 20. Diagnosis: Body rather compressed, belly rounded, with 6 to 9 thin unkeeled pre-pelvic scutes followed by an equally thin pelvic scute, all with slender ascending arms; no post-pelvic scutes; snout pointed, lower jaw a little prominent, with a single row of fine teeth in each jaw; posterior supra-maxilla paddle-shaped; gillrakers 39 to 76, gillrakers small but present on posterior face of third epibranchial; pelvic fin with i-7 finrays, under or a little before dorsal fin origin (Ref. 188). Resembles Spratelloides species or juvenile Etrumeus and Dussumieria, but pre-pelvic scutes present; other clupeids occuring in same area have keeled pre-pelvic and post-pelvic scutes (Ref. 188).
Body shape (shape guide): fusiform / normal; Cross section: oval.
6 到 9个不隆起的前腹鳍鳞甲,跟随着一个同样细的腹鳍鳞甲了, 全部有细长的上手臂; 没有在腹鳍之后的鳞甲。 吻端尖的, 下颌稍微突出, 在每个颌中具有一个单列的细齿; 第二个上颚骨桨状的。 鳃耙小的但是位于第三个上鳃骨的后面之上.(比较不存在于 南亚多棱圆鲱［Ehirava fluviatilis］ )
Body shape (shape guide): fusiform / normal; Cross section: oval.
6 到 9个不隆起的前腹鳍鳞甲,跟随着一个同样细的腹鳍鳞甲了, 全部有细长的上手臂; 没有在腹鳍之后的鳞甲。 吻端尖的, 下颌稍微突出, 在每个颌中具有一个单列的细齿; 第二个上颚骨桨状的。 鳃耙小的但是位于第三个上鳃骨的后面之上.(比较不存在于 南亚多棱圆鲱［Ehirava fluviatilis］ )
Occurs in the sea, but found mostly in estuaries; also found in landlocked brackish and freshwater lagoons (Ref. 93596), also rivers and lakes (Ref. 188). Maximum size 10 cm (Ref. 4967). Entire life cycle is completed in the estuary (Ref. 32693). Breeds throughout the year with a peak in spring and early summer (Ref. 7248, 52193). Maturity may be attained within the first or second year and an age of up to 5 or 6 years is recorded (Ref. 7248, 52193). Feeds chiefly on zooplankton by filtering or selecting individual organisms from the water column (Ref. 7248, 52193). It can tolerate salinities under 4 ppt and of up to 52.6 ppt (Ref. 32693). Utilized fresh or dried and salted (Ref. 12484).
主要地在河口与泻湖中生存, 也发现于湖与河。 整个的生命周期在河口被完成。 (参考文献 32693) 能容忍在 4 下面的盐度 ppt 与向上到 52.6个 ppt.(参考文献 32693) 全年繁殖在春天与初夏具有一个高峰。 第一个或第二年与超过 5 或 6 年被记录可能达到成熟在。 主要捕食浮游动物被过滤或淘选个别的生物从水中.(参考文献 7248) 生鲜使用或乾燥与盐腌的.(参考文献 12484)
主要地在河口与泻湖中生存, 也发现于湖与河。 整个的生命周期在河口被完成。 (参考文献 32693) 能容忍在 4 下面的盐度 ppt 与向上到 52.6个 ppt.(参考文献 32693) 全年繁殖在春天与初夏具有一个高峰。 第一个或第二年与超过 5 或 6 年被记录可能达到成熟在。 主要捕食浮游动物被过滤或淘选个别的生物从水中.(参考文献 7248) 生鲜使用或乾燥与盐腌的.(参考文献 12484)
生命周期和交配行为 成熟度 | 繁殖 | 产卵场 | 卵 | 孕卵数 | 仔鱼
A semelparous species that grows to maturity and spawns in one year (Ref. 34361).非洲: 莫三比克的披悌湖沿著非洲南部岸邊到沙丹那灣，可能橘河口。 (但是可能被有另一個未描述的種混淆) 在印度 (參考文獻 32693) 的發現記錄需要確認。 (參考文獻 33664) 在馬達加斯加水域 (參考文獻 13333) 的發生的報告是錯誤。 (參考文獻 33664)
主要参考文献
上传您的参考资料 | 参考文献 | 合作者 | 合作者
Skelton, P.H., 1993. A complete guide to the freshwater fishes of southern Africa. Southern Book Publishers. 388 p. (Ref. 7248)
CITES
Not Evaluated
对人类的威胁
无害处的
人类利用
渔业: 自给性渔业; 诱饵: usually
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基于模型的估算
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系统发育多样性指数 (参考文献 82804) |
PD50 = 1.0000 [Uniqueness, from 0.5 = low to 2.0 = high]. |
| Bayesian length-weight | a=0.00955 (0.00472 - 0.01931), b=3.06 (2.88 - 3.24), in cm total length, based on LWR estimates for this species & (Sub)family-body (Ref. 93245). |
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营养阶层 (参考文献 69278) |
3.1 ±0.3 se; based on size and trophs of closest relatives |
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回复力 (参考文献 120179) |
高度, 族群倍增时间少于 15个月 (tm=0.5). |
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渔业脆弱性 (Ref. 59153) |
Low to moderate vulnerability (28 of 100). 🛈 |
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价格分类 (Ref. 80766) |
Low. |