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| Native range | All suitable habitat | Point map | Year 2050 |
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| This map was computer-generated and has not yet been reviewed. |
| Sciaena umbra AquaMaps Data sources: GBIF OBIS |
分类 / 名称 俗名 | 同种异名 | Catalog of Fishes(属, 种) | ITIS | CoL | WoRMS | Cloffa
Teleostei > Eupercaria/misc (Various families in series Eupercaria) 鱸形目 (Various families in series Eupercaria) > Sciaenidae (Drums or croakers) 石首魚科 (Drums or croakers)
Etymology: Sciaena: Greek, skiaina, skion = a fish, red mullet (Ref. 45335).
More on author: Linnaeus.
Etymology: Sciaena: Greek, skiaina, skion = a fish, red mullet (Ref. 45335).
More on author: Linnaeus.
环境：氛围 / 气候带 / 深度上下限 / 分布范围 生态学
海洋; 半咸淡水 居于水底的; 深度上下限 1 - 200 m (Ref. 9505). 亞熱帶的; 51°N - 13°N, 19°W - 42°E
分布 领土 | FAO区域 | 生态系 | 标本纪录 | 分布图 | 简介 | Faunafri
Eastern Atlantic: Southern Bay of Biscay to Mauritania, occasionally southwards to Senegal. Also throughout the Mediterranean and Black seas. Records from Ghana (Ref. 6810) and Gabon (Ref. 5516) are questionable. Two records in Belgium were actually for Micropogonias undulatus (Linnaeus, 1766) (Ref. 117298). The record off Wimereux is a misinterpretation during data entry mistake from the the Müller (2004, Ref. YYY) (Bailly, pers. comm., March 2018).
東大西洋: 英倫海峽到茅利塔尼亞,偶然地向南至塞內加爾。 也在地中海與黑海各處。 來自迦納 (參考文獻 6810) 的紀錄與加彭 (參考文獻 5516) 是可疑的。
東大西洋: 英倫海峽到茅利塔尼亞,偶然地向南至塞內加爾。 也在地中海與黑海各處。 來自迦納 (參考文獻 6810) 的紀錄與加彭 (參考文獻 5516) 是可疑的。
首次成熟时的长度 / 大小 / 重量 / 年龄
成熟度: Lm 23.5 range ? - ? cm
Max length : 70.0 cm TL 雄鱼/尚未辨别雌雄; (Ref. 3397); common length : 28.0 cm TL 雄鱼/尚未辨别雌雄; (Ref. 3397); 最大年龄: 21 年 (Ref. 9505)
Max length : 70.0 cm TL 雄鱼/尚未辨别雌雄; (Ref. 3397); common length : 28.0 cm TL 雄鱼/尚未辨别雌雄; (Ref. 3397); 最大年龄: 21 年 (Ref. 9505)
简单描述 检索表 | 型态特徵 | 形态测量图
背棘 (总数) : 11; 背的软条 (总数) : 23 - 25; 臀棘: 2; 臀鳍软条: 7 - 8.
Body shape (shape guide): fusiform / normal.
Body shape (shape guide): fusiform / normal.
Occurs in shallow coastal waters mainly on rocky and sandy bottoms, often entering estuaries and more active at night. Also inhabits caves and reefs (Ref. 9987). Feeds on small fishes and crustaceans (Ref. 4780). SCUBA diving observations suggest this to be a very calm fish with remarkable buoyancy control and an ability to move without much apparent effort (Ref. 9505). Marketed fresh and frozen; in Turkey, otoliths are ground to a powder and used as remedy for urinary tract infections (Ref. 9987).
出现于沿岸浅水区主要在岩质与砂质底部上, 时常进入河口与更活跃的在晚上。 也居住于洞穴与礁。 (参考文献 9987) 吃小鱼与甲壳动物。 (参考文献 4780) 潜水观察意味着这是非常安静的鱼具有显着的浮力控制，而且一种能力移动而不须要多明显的努力。 (参考文献 9505) 在市场上销售生鲜和冷冻; 在土耳其，耳石是沈淀成粉末而且用作了疗法用来治疗尿道发炎.(参考文献 9987)
出现于沿岸浅水区主要在岩质与砂质底部上, 时常进入河口与更活跃的在晚上。 也居住于洞穴与礁。 (参考文献 9987) 吃小鱼与甲壳动物。 (参考文献 4780) 潜水观察意味着这是非常安静的鱼具有显着的浮力控制，而且一种能力移动而不须要多明显的努力。 (参考文献 9505) 在市场上销售生鲜和冷冻; 在土耳其，耳石是沈淀成粉末而且用作了疗法用来治疗尿道发炎.(参考文献 9987)
生命周期和交配行为 成熟度 | 繁殖 | 产卵场 | 卵 | 孕卵数 | 仔鱼
東大西洋: 英倫海峽到茅利塔尼亞,偶然地向南至塞內加爾。 也在地中海與黑海各處。 來自迦納 (參考文獻 6810) 的紀錄與加彭 (參考文獻 5516) 是可疑的。
主要参考文献
上传您的参考资料 | 参考文献 | 合作者 | 合作者
Chao, L.N. and E. Trewavas, 1990. Sciaenidae. p. 813-826. In J.C. Quero, J.C. Hureau, C. Karrer, A. Post and L. Saldanha (eds.) Check-list of the fishes the eastern tropical Atlantic (CLOFETA). JNICT, Lisbon; SEI, Paris; and UNESCO, Paris. Vol. 2. (Ref. 3593)
CITES
Not Evaluated
对人类的威胁
无害处的
人类利用
渔业: 商业性
FAO - 渔业: landings search; Publication: search | FishSource | 周边海洋
更多信息
工具
特别资料
下载 XML
网络资源
AFORO (otoliths) | Aquatic Commons | BHL | Cloffa | Websites from users | 核实 FishWatcher | CISTI | Catalog of Fishes: 属, 种 | DiscoverLife | DORIS | ECOTOX | FAO - 渔业: landings search; Publication: search | Faunafri | Fishipedia | Fishtrace | GloBI | Google Books | Google Scholar | Google | IGFA World Record | 国家资料库 | OneZoom | Open Tree of Life | Otolith Atlas of Taiwan Fishes | 公众的水族馆 | PubMed | Reef Life Survey | Socotra Atlas | TreeBase | 树状分类阶层 | Wikipedia: 转至, 搜寻 | World Records Freshwater Fishing | Zoobank | 动物学的记录
基于模型的估算
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系统发育多样性指数 (参考文献 82804) |
PD50 = 0.6250 [Uniqueness, from 0.5 = low to 2.0 = high]. |
| Bayesian length-weight | a=0.00871 (0.00796 - 0.00953), b=3.07 (3.05 - 3.09), in cm total length, based on LWR estimates for this species (Ref. 93245). |
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营养阶层 (参考文献 69278) |
3.8 ±0.5 se; based on diet studies. |
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回复力 (参考文献 120179) |
中等的, 族群倍增时间最少 1.4 - 4.4年 (K=0.19; tm=3; tmax=21). |
| Rate of population increase | Prior r = 0.59, 95% CL = 0.39 - 0.88, Based on 1 data-limited stock assessment. |
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渔业脆弱性 (Ref. 59153) |
Moderate to high vulnerability (46 of 100). 🛈 |
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气候脆弱性 (Ref. 125649) |
High vulnerability (62 of 100). 🛈 |
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价格分类 (Ref. 80766) |
Very high. |
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营养素 (Ref. 124155) |
Calcium = 48 [28, 95] mg/100g; Iron = 0.789 [0.426, 1.386] mg/100g; Protein = 20.1 [18.5, 21.7] %; Omega3 = 0.355 [0.207, 0.554] g/100g; Selenium = 32.5 [16.8, 59.2] μg/100g; VitaminA = 12.4 [4.3, 38.8] μg/100g; Zinc = 0.779 [0.570, 1.144] mg/100g (wet weight); based on nutrient studies. |