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Pleuronectiformes (Flatfishes) >
Soleidae (Soles)
Etymology: Synapturichthys: Greek, syn, symphysis = grown together + Greek, aptein = to join + Greek, oura = tail + Greek, ichthys = fish (Ref. 45335).
Eponymy: Jacob Theodor Klein (1685–1759) was a German jurist, historian, botanist, zoologist and mathematician. His publications on fishes include: Historiae Piscium Naturalis promovendae Missus primus Gedani (1744). (Ref. 128868), visit book page.
More on author: Risso.
Lingkungan: lingkungan / zona iklim / kisaran kedalaman / jangkauan distribusi
Ekologi
laut; payau dasar (demersal); kisaran kedalaman 20 - 460 m (Ref. 5304). Subtropical; 44°N - 32°S
Eastern Atlantic and Western Indian Ocean: Mediterranean south to Durban, South Africa.
Panjang pada saat jatuh tempo pertama / Ukuran / Berat / umur
Kematangan: Lm 29.0  range ? - ? cm
Max length : 40.0 cm TL jantan/; (Ref. 3200); common length : 15.0 cm TL jantan/; (Ref. 3397)
deskripsi pendek
Kunci identifiaksi (pengenalan) | Morfologi | Morfometrik
Duri punggung (Keseluruhan (total)) : 0; duri punggung lunak (Keseluruhan (total)) : 75 - 92; Duri dubur: 0; Sirip dubur lunak: 63 - 72; vertebrata, bertulang belakang: 46 - 47. Brownish with irregular white or dark lines, spots and ocelli; fins blackish (Ref. 3200).
Body shape (shape guide): short and / or deep.
Inhabits sandy and muddy bottoms; mainly in shallow water (Ref. 3200).
Desoutter, M., 1990. Soleidae. p. 1037-1049. In J.C. Quero, J.C. Hureau, C. Karrer, A. Post and L. Saldanha (eds.) Check-list of the fishes of the eastern tropical Atlantic (CLOFETA). JNICT, Lisbon; SEI, Paris; and UNESCO, Paris. Vol. 2. (Ref. 5304)
Status IUCN Red List (Ref. 130435: Version 2025-2 (Global))
ancaman kepada manusia
Harmless
penggunaan manusia
Perikanan: komersial
Alat, peralatan
laporan khas
muat turun XML
Sumber internet
Estimasi berdasarkan model
Indeks keanekaragaman filogenetik (Acuan 82804) |
PD50 = 1.0000 [Uniqueness, from 0.5 = low to 2.0 = high]. |
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Bayesian length-weight
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a=0.01023 (0.00656 - 0.01597), b=2.98 (2.85 - 3.11), in cm total length, based on LWR estimates for this species & (Sub)family-body (Ref. 93245). |
Tingkat Trofik (Acuan 69278) |
3.6 ±0.5 se; based on size and trophs of closest relatives |
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Generation time |
3.3 ( na - na) years. Estimated as median ln(3)/K based on 2 growth studies. |
Daya lenting (Acuan 120179) |
sedang, Waktu penggandaan populasi minimum 1.4 - 4.4 tahun (K=0.3). |
Kerentanan Penangkapan Ikan (Ref. 59153) |
Low to moderate vulnerability (33 of 100). 🛈 |
kategori harga (Ref. 80766) |
Very high.
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Nutrisi (Ref. 124155) |
Calcium = 113 [43, 206] mg/100g; Iron = 1.05 [0.44, 2.03] mg/100g; Protein = 19 [17, 21] %; Omega3 = 0.283 [0.134, 0.560] g/100g; Selenium = 35.1 [17.9, 69.5] μg/100g; VitaminA = 10.7 [3.9, 29.1] μg/100g; Zinc = 0.86 [0.57, 1.25] mg/100g (wet weight); |