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Eupercaria/misc (Various families in series Eupercaria) >
Lethrinidae (Emperors or scavengers) > Lethrininae
Etymology: Lethrinus: Greek, lethrinia, a fish pertaining to genus Pagellus.
More on author: Valenciennes.
Lingkungan: lingkungan / zona iklim / kisaran kedalaman / jangkauan distribusi
Ekologi
laut berasosiasi dengan karang; nir-ruaya; kisaran kedalaman 10 - 200 m (Ref. 2295). Tropical; 32°N - 23°S, 32°E - 160°E
Indo-West Pacific: widespread, including the Red Sea, Arabian (Persian) Gulf, East Africa to Sri Lanka, to the Ryukyu Islands and Papua New Guinea. Also recorded from Micronesia (Ref. 3807) and French Polynesia (Ref. 4517) but these are probably misidentifications of Lethrinus olivaceus.
Panjang pada saat jatuh tempo pertama / Ukuran / Berat / umur
Kematangan: Lm 29.1  range ? - ? cm
Max length : 80.0 cm TL jantan/; (Ref. 48635); common length : 40.0 cm TL jantan/; (Ref. 2295); Berat maksimum terpublikasi: 4.9 kg (Ref. 40637)
Duri punggung (Keseluruhan (total)) : 10; duri punggung lunak (Keseluruhan (total)) : 9; Duri dubur: 3; Sirip dubur lunak: 8. The snout is moderately long, its dorsal profile slightly concave. Body color is bluish gray or brown often with scattered irregular dark blotches on sides; sometimes three dark streaks radiate forward from the eye. The fins are pale or orangish.
Body shape (shape guide): fusiform / normal; Cross section: oval.
Found over sandy areas near coral reefs (Ref. 30573). Feeds on fish, crustaceans, cephalopods, and polychaetes. Swims in small schools sometimes together with L. olivaceous. Utilized as a food fish. Maximum depth reported taken from Ref. 9773.
Siklus hidup dan perilaku kawin
Kematangan | Reproduksi, perkembang biakan | Pemijahan | telur-telur | Fekunditas | Larva
Carpenter, K.E. and G.R. Allen, 1989. FAO Species Catalogue. Vol. 9. Emperor fishes and large-eye breams of the world (family Lethrinidae). An annotated and illustrated catalogue of lethrinid species known to date. FAO Fish. Synop. 125(9):118 p. Rome: FAO. (Ref. 2295)
Status IUCN Red List (Ref. 130435: Version 2025-2 (Global))
ancaman kepada manusia
Reports of ciguatera poisoning (Ref. 31637)
penggunaan manusia
Perikanan: komersial; Ikan buruan: ya
Alat, peralatan
laporan khas
muat turun XML
Sumber internet
Estimasi berdasarkan model
Indeks keanekaragaman filogenetik (Acuan 82804) |
PD50 = 0.5000 [Uniqueness, from 0.5 = low to 2.0 = high]. |
|
Bayesian length-weight
|
a=0.01349 (0.01108 - 0.01643), b=2.97 (2.93 - 3.01), in cm total length, based on LWR estimates for this species (Ref. 93245). |
Tingkat Trofik (Acuan 69278) |
3.8 ±0.51 se; based on food items. |
|
Generation time |
5.5 ( na - na) years. Estimated as median ln(3)/K based on 2 growth studies. |
Daya lenting (Acuan 120179) |
sedang, Waktu penggandaan populasi minimum 1.4 - 4.4 tahun (K=0.20). |
|
Rate of population increase |
Prior r = 0.57, 95% CL = 0.37 - 0.85, Based on 1 data-limited stock assessment. |
Kerentanan Penangkapan Ikan (Ref. 59153) |
Moderate to high vulnerability (46 of 100). 🛈 |
Kerentanan Iklim (Ref. 125649) |
Very high vulnerability (89 of 100). 🛈 |
kategori harga (Ref. 80766) |
Very high.
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Nutrisi (Ref. 124155) |
Calcium = 30.8 [21.6, 41.5] mg/100g; Iron = 0.726 [0.499, 0.997] mg/100g; Protein = 20.3 [17.7, 22.4] %; Omega3 = 0.124 [0.092, 0.165] g/100g; Selenium = 51 [27, 76] μg/100g; VitaminA = 25.1 [5.6, 129.2] μg/100g; Zinc = 1.81 [1.40, 2.24] mg/100g (wet weight); based on nutrient studies. |