分类 / 名称
俗名 | 同种异名 | Catalog of Fishes(属, 种) | ITIS | CoL | WoRMS | Cloffa
Teleostei >
Siluriformes (Catfishes) >
Ariidae (Sea catfishes) > Ariinae
Eponymy: Dr Eduard Gräffe (1833–1916) was born in Switzerland, died in part of the Austro-Hungarian Empire (Slovenia) but regarded himself as an Austrian. [...] (Ref. 128868), visit book page.
More on authors: Kner & Steindachner.
环境:氛围 / 气候带 / 深度上下限 / 分布范围
生态学
海洋; 淡水; 半咸淡水 居于水底的; pH range: 7.5 - 8.2; dH range: 18 - 30; 溯河洄游 (Ref. 138280). 熱帶; 24°C - 32°C (Ref. 2059); 3°S - 19°S
Western Pacific: northern Australia and southern New Guinea.
西太平洋: 澳洲北部與新幾內亞南部。
大小 / 重量 / 年龄
成熟度: Lm ?  range ? - ? cm
Max length : 60.0 cm SL 雄鱼/尚未辨别雌雄; (Ref. 44894)
背棘 (总数) : 1; 背的软条 (总数) : 7; 臀棘: 0; 臀鳍软条: 15 - 19.
Body shape (shape guide): fusiform / normal.
Adults inhabit freshwater rivers and lagoons, as well as brackish estuaries and coastal marine waters. Can tolerate temperatures from 11°C to 38°C. Large groups of juveniles are often encountered (Ref. 44894). Feed on arthropods, insects, aquatic plants, mollusks, prawns, crayfish, fishes and bottom detritus. Nest is constructed among gravel where eggs are deposited forming a mound (Ref. 205). The only species among oral incubating ariids exhibiting no parental care (Ref. 205). Breeding takes place from September to February (Ref. 44894). Marine populations of A. graeffei appear to undertake extensive anadromous migrations associated with breeding, but no such movements were observed in the fluviatile population studied (Ref. 38559).
栖息于淡水的河川与舄湖, 以及半咸淡水河口与海洋沿岸水域。 容忍从 11 °C 到 38个 ° C. 的温度 大群体的稚鱼时常被见到。 (参考文献 44894) 吃节肢动物,昆虫,水生植物,软件动物,虾,小龙虾,鱼与底部碎屑。 繁殖从十一月到二月发生。 (参考文献 44894) A. graeffei 的海洋族群似乎进行伴随着繁殖的广泛溯河洄游产卵的回游,但是没有如此的运动在被研究的生活在河中的族群被观察。 (参考文献 38559)
生命周期和交配行为
成熟度 | 繁殖 | 产卵场 | 卵 | 孕卵数 | 仔鱼
Nest is constructed among gravel where eggs are deposited forming a mound (Ref. 205). The only species among oral incubating Ariidae exhibiting no parental care (Ref. 205).西太平洋: 澳洲北部與新幾內亞南部。
Allen, G.R., 1989. Freshwater fishes of Australia. T.F.H. Publications, Inc., Neptune City, New Jersey. (Ref. 5259)
世界自然保护联盟红皮书 (Ref. 130435: Version 2025-2 (Global))
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特别资料
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网络资源
基于模型的估算
系统发育多样性指数 (参考文献 82804) |
PD50 = 0.5312 [Uniqueness, from 0.5 = low to 2.0 = high]. |
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Bayesian length-weight
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a=0.00794 (0.00379 - 0.01665), b=3.08 (2.91 - 3.25), in cm total length, based on LWR estimates for this (Sub)family-body shape (Ref. 93245). |
营养阶层 (参考文献 69278) |
3.6 ±0.2 se; based on diet studies. |
回复力 (参考文献 120179) |
中等的, 族群倍增时间最少 1.4 - 4.4年 (Preliminary K or Fecundity.). |
渔业脆弱性 (Ref. 59153) |
Moderate to high vulnerability (51 of 100). 🛈 |