Myxine glutinosa, Atlantic hagfish

Myxine glutinosa Linnaeus, 1758

Atlantic hagfish
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Native range | All suitable habitat | Point map | Year 2050
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Myxine glutinosa   AquaMaps   Data sources: GBIF OBIS
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Image of Myxine glutinosa (Atlantic hagfish)
Myxine glutinosa
Photo von Flescher, D.

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Myxini (Kieferlose) (hagfishes) > Myxiniformes (Hagfishes) > Myxinidae (Hagfishes) > Myxininae
Etymology: Myxine: Ancient Greek word for a slimy fish: myxa, slime; -inus, one who, referring to copious amounts of slime produced by M. glutinosa (See ETYFish); glutinosa: Latin for viscous or sticky, referring to its seeming ability to turn water into slime (See ETYFish).
More on author: Linnaeus.

Umwelt: Milieu / Klimazone / Tiefenbereich / Verbreitungsgebiet Ökologie

seewasser bathydemersal; standorttreu; tiefenbereich 20 - 1200 m (Ref. 117245), usually 27 - 460 m (Ref. 119696). Boreal; 2°C - 13°C (Ref. 119696); 72°N - 24°N, 89°W - 41°E

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North Atlantic: Murmansk to the Mediterranean Sea; Greenland to USA. Absent in eastern Mediterranean and Black Sea. Only hagfish in the Northeast Atlantic.

Länge bei der ersten Reifung / Größe / Gewicht / Alter

Geschlechtsreife: Lm ?, range 25 - ? cm
Max length : 95.0 cm TL Männchen/unbestimmt; (Ref. 119696); common length : 30.0 cm TL Männchen/unbestimmt; (Ref. 35388); common length :40 cm TL (female)

Kurzbeschreibung Bestimmungsschlüssel | Morphologie | Morphometrie

Jawless mouth, single nasal aperture, only a single pair of external gill openings, no operculum or covering fold of skin. Grayish or reddish brown above, either plain. Variations in color correspond to the color of the sea bottom.
Body shape (shape guide): eel-like.

Biologie     Fachlexikon (Englisch) (z.B. epibenthic)

Benthic with reported depths to 782 off Greenland; 960 m in Northwestern Atlantic; and 1,100 m off Norway (Ref. 119696). Found on muddy bottoms where they hide in the mud. Slime is used for defense. Feeds chiefly on dead and dying fish of varying species by boring into the body and consuming viscera and musculature. Chiefly nocturnal. Its eggs are few in number about 19-30 and large (20-25 mm), the horny shell has a cluster of anchor-tipped filaments at each end.

Lebenszyklus und Paarungsverhalten Geschlechtsreife | Fortpflanzung | Ablaichen | Eier | Fruchtbarkeit | Larven

Copulatory organ absent. The gonads of hagfishes are situated in the peritoneal cavity. The ovary is found in the anterior portion of the gonad, and the testis is found in the posterior part. The animal becomes female if the cranial part of the gonad develops or male if the caudal part undergoes differentiation. If none develops, then the animal becomes sterile. If both anterior and posterior parts develop, then the animal becomes a functional hermaphrodite. However, hermaphroditism being characterised as functional needs to be validated by more reproduction studies (Ref. 51361 ). Probably breed throughout the year in deep water (Ref. 35388).

Hauptreferenz Laden Sie Ihre Referenzen hoch | Referenzen | Koordinator | Partner

Fernholm, B., 1998. Hagfish systematics. p. 33-44. In J.M. Jørgensen, J.P. Lomholt, R.E. Weber and H. Malte (eds.) The biology of hagfishes. Chapman & Hall, London. 578 p. (Ref. 31276)

IUCN Rote Liste Status (Ref. 130435: Version 2025-2 (Global))

  nicht bedroht (LC) ; Date assessed: 12 November 2009

CITES

Not Evaluated

CMS (Ref. 116361)

Not Evaluated

Bedrohung für Menschen

  Harmless





Nutzung durch Menschen

Fischereien: nicht kommerziell
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Schätzungen auf der Grundlage von Modellen

Phylogenetischer Diversitätsindex
(Ref. 82804) 		PD50 = 0.5000 [Uniqueness, from 0.5 = low to 2.0 = high].
Bayesian length-weight a=0.00115 (0.00044 - 0.00300), b=3.03 (2.80 - 3.26), in cm total length, based on LWR estimates for this (Sub)family-body shape (Ref. 93245).
Trophische Ebene
(Ref. 69278) 		4.5   ±0.0 se; based on diet studies.
Widerstandsfähigkeit
(Ref. 120179) 		niedrig, Verdopplung der Population dauert 4,5 - 14 Jahre. (Fec= 20-30).
Rate of population increase Prior r = 0.10, 95% CL = 0.07 - 0.15, Based on 1 full stock assessment.
Anfälligkeit der Fischerei
(Ref. 59153) 		Moderate to high vulnerability (51 of 100). 🛈
Klimaanfälligkeit
(Ref. 125649) 		Moderate vulnerability (38 of 100). 🛈
Nährstoffe
(Ref. 124155) 		Calcium = 7.79 [2.08, 25.45] mg/100g; Iron = 0.278 [0.095, 0.782] mg/100g; Protein = 2.26 [0.00, 6.14] %; Omega3 = 0.301 [0.116, 0.790] g/100g; Selenium = 18.8 [5.5, 64.6] μg/100g; VitaminA = 11 [2, 52] μg/100g; Zinc = 0.281 [0.133, 0.569] mg/100g (wet weight);