Thaleichthys pacificus, Eulachon : fisheries

Thaleichthys pacificus (Richardson, 1836)

Eulachon
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Thaleichthys pacificus   AquaMaps   Data sources: GBIF OBIS
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Image of Thaleichthys pacificus (Eulachon)
Thaleichthys pacificus
Photo de Bull. U.S. Bur. Fish.

Classification / Noms Noms communs | Synonymes | Catalog of Fishes(Genre, Espèce) | ITIS | CoL | WoRMS | Cloffa

> Osmeriformes (Freshwater smelts) > Osmeridae (Smelts)
Etymology: Thaleichthys: Greek, thaleia, -as = abundance + Greek, ichthys = fish (Ref. 45335); pacificus: pacificus - of the Pacific (Ref. 1998).
More on author: Richardson.

Environnement : milieu / zone climatique / profondeur / gamme de distribution Écologie

marin; eau douce; saumâtre pelagic-neritic; anadrome (Ref. 138124); profondeur 0 - 300 m (Ref. 6793). Temperate; 61°N - 40°N, 171°W - 121°W (Ref. 86798)

Distribution Territoires | Zones FAO | Écosystèmes | Occurrences | Carte par point | Introductions | Faunafri

North Pacific: west of Saint Matthew Island and Kuskokwim Bay in the Bering Sea, and Bowers Bank in the Aleutian Islands to Monterey Bay, California, USA. Populations from northern British Columbia are separate from those in the Fraser River (Ref. 10276).

Longueur à la première maturité / Taille / Poids / Âge

Maturité: Lm 15.5, range 15 - 16 cm
Max length : 34.0 cm TL mâle / non sexé; (Ref. 56527); common length : 20.0 cm TL mâle / non sexé; (Ref. 7354); âge max. reporté: 5 années (Ref. 12193)

Description synthétique Clés d'identification | Morphologie | Morphométrie

Épines dorsales (Total) : 0; Rayons mous dorsaux (Total) : 10 - 13; Épines anales: 0; Rayons mous anaux: 18 - 23; Vertèbres: 65 - 72. Distinguished by the large canine teeth on the vomer and 18 to 23 rays in the anal fin (Ref. 27547). Adipose fin sickle-shaped; paired fins longer in males than in females; all fins with well developed breeding tubercles in ripe males which are poorly developed or absent in females (Ref. 27547). Adult coloration is brown to blue on back and top of the head, the sides lighter to silvery white, and the ventral surface white; speckling is fine, sparse and restricted to the back; peritoneum is light with black speckles (Ref. 6885). Fins transparent, pectorals and caudal often dusky (Ref. 27547). During spawning, male fish has a distinctly raised ridge along the middle of the body and a rough texture, differentiating it from the female which is smaller, smoother and shinier.
Body shape (shape guide): elongated; Cross section: compressed.

Biologie     Glossaire (ex. epibenthic)

Found near shore and in coastal inlets and rivers (Ref. 2850). Possibly to 625 m depth (Ref. 6793). Spends most of its life in the sea, returning to freshwater streams to spawn (Ref. 27547). There is evidence of return to natal streams (Ref. 10276). May migrate up to 160 km upstream. Feeds on plankton and only while at sea (11699, 10276). Excellent food fish and source of oil (15% body wt.). Anadromous (Ref. 96339).

Cycle de vie et comportement reproducteur Maturité | Reproduction | Frai | Œufs | Fécondité | Larves

The spawning run from the sea to freshwater streams begins when river temperature rises to about 4.4° but the fish stop running if temperature exceeds 7.8°C. Males predominate the early part of the run, but their numbers are equalled or exceeded by females later (Ref. 10276, 11699). Adults usually die after spawning but some move back to the sea and return to spawn a second time (Ref. 1998). Upon hatching, larvae are found near the bottom and are soon carried downstream to salt water and eventually found in the scattering layer of coastal waters (Ref. 27547).

Référence principale Téléchargez vos références | Références | Coordinateur | Collaborateurs

Eschmeyer, W.N., E.S. Herald and H. Hammann, 1983. A field guide to Pacific coast fishes of North America. Boston (MA, USA): Houghton Mifflin Company. xii+336 p. (Ref. 2850)

Statut dans la liste rouge de l'IUCN (Ref. 130435: Version 2025-2 (Global))

  Préoccupation mineure (LC) ; Date assessed: 01 March 2012

CITES

Not Evaluated

CMS (Ref. 116361)

Not Evaluated

Menace pour l'homme

  Harmless





Utilisations par l'homme

Pêcheries: commercial
FAO - pêcheries: landings search; Publication: search | FishSource | Sea Around Us

Plus d'informations

Écologie trophique
Aliments (proies)
Composition du régime alimentaire
Consommation alimentaire
Rations alimentaires
Prédateurs
Écologie
Écologie
Dynamique des populations
Paramètres de croissance
Âges / tailles maximales
Longueur-poids rel.
Rel. longueur-longueur.
Fréquences de longueurs
Conversion de masse
Recrutement
Abondance
Cycle de vie
Reproduction
Maturité
Maturité/épines rel.
Fécondité
Frai
Agrégats de frai
Œufs
Développement de l'œuf
Larves
Dynamique des populations larvaires
Distribution
Territoires
Zones FAO
Écosystèmes
Occurrences
Introductions
BRUVS - Vidéos
Anatomie
Surface branchiale
Cerveau
Otolithe
Physiologie
Composition corporelle
Nutriments
Consommation d'oxygène
Type de natation
Vitesse de nage
Pigments visuels
Son de poisson
Maladies et parasites
Toxicité (CL50)
Génétique
génôme
Génétique
Hétérozygotie
Héritabilité
Diversité génétique
Liées à l'homme
Systèmes d'aquaculture
Profils d'aquaculture
Souches
Cas de ciguatera
Timbres, pièces de monnaie, divers
Sensibilisation
Collaborateurs
Taxonomie
Noms communs
Synonymes
Morphologie
Morphométrie
Images
Références
Références

Outils

E-book | Guide de terrain | Clés d'identification | Générateur de fréquences de longueur | Outil de dynamique de population | Carte par point | Capture-MSY |

Articles particuliers

Maintenance en aquarium | Articles sur l'espèce | Rapports d'aquaculture

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Page de résumé | Coordonnées géographiques | Noms communs | Photos

Sources Internet

AFORO (otoliths) | Aquatic Commons | BHL | Cloffa | Websites from users | FishWatcher | CISTI | Catalog of Fishes: Genre, Espèce | DiscoverLife | ECOTOX | FAO - pêcheries: landings search; Publication: search | Faunafri | Fishipedia | Fishtrace | GloBI | Google Books | Google Scholar | Google | IGFA World Record | OceanAdapt | OneZoom | Open Tree of Life | Otolith Atlas of Taiwan Fishes | PubMed | Reef Life Survey | Socotra Atlas | TreeBase | Arbre de Vie | Wikipedia: aller à, chercher | World Records Freshwater Fishing | Zoological Record

Estimations basées sur des modèles

Indice de diversité phylogénétique
(Réf. 82804) 		PD50 = 1.0000 [Uniqueness, from 0.5 = low to 2.0 = high].
Bayesian length-weight a=0.00372 (0.00180 - 0.00765), b=3.17 (2.99 - 3.35), in cm total length, based on LWR estimates for this (Sub)family-body shape (Ref. 93245).
Niveau trophique
(Réf. 69278) 		3.3   ±0.37 se; based on food items.
Generation time 3.2 ( na - na) years. Estimated as median ln(3)/K based on 1 growth studies.
Résilience
(Réf. 120179) 		Milieu, temps minimum de doublement de population : 1,4 à 4,4 années (tm=2-6; tmax=5; K=0.34; Fec=17,000-60,000 Musick et al. 2000 (Ref. 36717)).
Rate of population increase Prior r = 0.15, 95% CL = 0.10 - 0.22, Based on 1 full stock assessment.
Vulnérabilité de la pêche
(Ref. 59153) 		Low to moderate vulnerability (33 of 100). 🛈
Vulnérabilité climatique
(Ref. 125649) 		Moderate vulnerability (35 of 100). 🛈
Catégorie de prix
(Ref. 80766) 		Very high.
Nutriments
(Ref. 124155) 		Calcium = 98.1 [24.8, 242.3] mg/100g; Iron = 0.808 [0.238, 2.305] mg/100g; Protein = 14.8 [13.7, 16.1] %; Omega3 = 1.23 [0.53, 3.04] g/100g; Selenium = 13.3 [5.8, 38.0] μg/100g; VitaminA = 15.1 [4.9, 47.7] μg/100g; Zinc = 1.02 [0.47, 1.97] mg/100g (wet weight); based on nutrient studies.